Draw a Square Without a Compass, Only a Straightedge

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I remember seeing the following question in an old STEP question:




using only a straight-edge and a set of (unmarked) coordinate axes, construct a square.




I'm sure I knew how to do it when I was preparing for STEP, but I don't remember now. I also can't find the STEP question, otherwise there would likely be a solution for it on The Student Room. I just remember it being pretty cool!










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  • 1




    Are the coordinate axes marked or not?
    – edm
    4 hours ago










  • Sorry, unmarked, as otherwise it's trivial
    – Sam T
    3 hours ago














up vote
2
down vote

favorite
3












I remember seeing the following question in an old STEP question:




using only a straight-edge and a set of (unmarked) coordinate axes, construct a square.




I'm sure I knew how to do it when I was preparing for STEP, but I don't remember now. I also can't find the STEP question, otherwise there would likely be a solution for it on The Student Room. I just remember it being pretty cool!










share|cite|improve this question



















  • 1




    Are the coordinate axes marked or not?
    – edm
    4 hours ago










  • Sorry, unmarked, as otherwise it's trivial
    – Sam T
    3 hours ago












up vote
2
down vote

favorite
3









up vote
2
down vote

favorite
3






3





I remember seeing the following question in an old STEP question:




using only a straight-edge and a set of (unmarked) coordinate axes, construct a square.




I'm sure I knew how to do it when I was preparing for STEP, but I don't remember now. I also can't find the STEP question, otherwise there would likely be a solution for it on The Student Room. I just remember it being pretty cool!










share|cite|improve this question















I remember seeing the following question in an old STEP question:




using only a straight-edge and a set of (unmarked) coordinate axes, construct a square.




I'm sure I knew how to do it when I was preparing for STEP, but I don't remember now. I also can't find the STEP question, otherwise there would likely be a solution for it on The Student Room. I just remember it being pretty cool!







geometry euclidean-geometry geometric-construction






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edited 2 hours ago

























asked 5 hours ago









Sam T

3,301828




3,301828







  • 1




    Are the coordinate axes marked or not?
    – edm
    4 hours ago










  • Sorry, unmarked, as otherwise it's trivial
    – Sam T
    3 hours ago












  • 1




    Are the coordinate axes marked or not?
    – edm
    4 hours ago










  • Sorry, unmarked, as otherwise it's trivial
    – Sam T
    3 hours ago







1




1




Are the coordinate axes marked or not?
– edm
4 hours ago




Are the coordinate axes marked or not?
– edm
4 hours ago












Sorry, unmarked, as otherwise it's trivial
– Sam T
3 hours ago




Sorry, unmarked, as otherwise it's trivial
– Sam T
3 hours ago










2 Answers
2






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3
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Not that I've proved it, but I suspect this is impossible.



That's assuming that "using a straightedge" means exactly what it means in traditional Euclidean constructions.



Just to inject a minimal amount of content, I also have a conjecture how this is consistent with the fact that the OP says he saw a solution once. I conjecture that that solution cheated. For example, it's easy to construct a square if we're given an actual physical ruler and we're allowed to use the fact that the two edges are parallel.



And a vague notion of where a proof of impossibility might come from: The constructions we can make with a straightedge, starting with those two axes, are invariant under the transformation $(x,y)mapsto(2x,y)$.






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    up vote
    1
    down vote













    How about joining $left(1,0right)$ to $left(0,1right)$ to $left(-1,0right)$ to $left(0,-1right)$ back to $left(1,0right)$ by straight lines?






    share|cite|improve this answer








    New contributor




    Sam Streeter is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
    Check out our Code of Conduct.













    • 1




      Nice. I suspect it's impossible to construct a unit square, since that would require constructing $sqrt2$ without a compass.
      – Ethan Bolker
      4 hours ago










    • Sorry, I should have said explicitly: unmarked coordinate axes. Basically just two (doubly-infinite) lines perpendicular to each other.
      – Sam T
      2 hours ago










    • @EthanBolker is it not possible to construct $sqrt 2$ without a compass?
      – Sam T
      2 hours ago










    • Note that we already have a set of perpendicular lines, so it's not like we're starting from nothing
      – Sam T
      2 hours ago










    • @samStreeter The OP has edited the question to say the axes are unmarked, so this nice solution isn't one.
      – Ethan Bolker
      1 hour ago










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    2 Answers
    2






    active

    oldest

    votes








    2 Answers
    2






    active

    oldest

    votes









    active

    oldest

    votes






    active

    oldest

    votes








    up vote
    3
    down vote













    Not that I've proved it, but I suspect this is impossible.



    That's assuming that "using a straightedge" means exactly what it means in traditional Euclidean constructions.



    Just to inject a minimal amount of content, I also have a conjecture how this is consistent with the fact that the OP says he saw a solution once. I conjecture that that solution cheated. For example, it's easy to construct a square if we're given an actual physical ruler and we're allowed to use the fact that the two edges are parallel.



    And a vague notion of where a proof of impossibility might come from: The constructions we can make with a straightedge, starting with those two axes, are invariant under the transformation $(x,y)mapsto(2x,y)$.






    share|cite|improve this answer
























      up vote
      3
      down vote













      Not that I've proved it, but I suspect this is impossible.



      That's assuming that "using a straightedge" means exactly what it means in traditional Euclidean constructions.



      Just to inject a minimal amount of content, I also have a conjecture how this is consistent with the fact that the OP says he saw a solution once. I conjecture that that solution cheated. For example, it's easy to construct a square if we're given an actual physical ruler and we're allowed to use the fact that the two edges are parallel.



      And a vague notion of where a proof of impossibility might come from: The constructions we can make with a straightedge, starting with those two axes, are invariant under the transformation $(x,y)mapsto(2x,y)$.






      share|cite|improve this answer






















        up vote
        3
        down vote










        up vote
        3
        down vote









        Not that I've proved it, but I suspect this is impossible.



        That's assuming that "using a straightedge" means exactly what it means in traditional Euclidean constructions.



        Just to inject a minimal amount of content, I also have a conjecture how this is consistent with the fact that the OP says he saw a solution once. I conjecture that that solution cheated. For example, it's easy to construct a square if we're given an actual physical ruler and we're allowed to use the fact that the two edges are parallel.



        And a vague notion of where a proof of impossibility might come from: The constructions we can make with a straightedge, starting with those two axes, are invariant under the transformation $(x,y)mapsto(2x,y)$.






        share|cite|improve this answer












        Not that I've proved it, but I suspect this is impossible.



        That's assuming that "using a straightedge" means exactly what it means in traditional Euclidean constructions.



        Just to inject a minimal amount of content, I also have a conjecture how this is consistent with the fact that the OP says he saw a solution once. I conjecture that that solution cheated. For example, it's easy to construct a square if we're given an actual physical ruler and we're allowed to use the fact that the two edges are parallel.



        And a vague notion of where a proof of impossibility might come from: The constructions we can make with a straightedge, starting with those two axes, are invariant under the transformation $(x,y)mapsto(2x,y)$.







        share|cite|improve this answer












        share|cite|improve this answer



        share|cite|improve this answer










        answered 1 hour ago









        David C. Ullrich

        56.3k43788




        56.3k43788




















            up vote
            1
            down vote













            How about joining $left(1,0right)$ to $left(0,1right)$ to $left(-1,0right)$ to $left(0,-1right)$ back to $left(1,0right)$ by straight lines?






            share|cite|improve this answer








            New contributor




            Sam Streeter is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
            Check out our Code of Conduct.













            • 1




              Nice. I suspect it's impossible to construct a unit square, since that would require constructing $sqrt2$ without a compass.
              – Ethan Bolker
              4 hours ago










            • Sorry, I should have said explicitly: unmarked coordinate axes. Basically just two (doubly-infinite) lines perpendicular to each other.
              – Sam T
              2 hours ago










            • @EthanBolker is it not possible to construct $sqrt 2$ without a compass?
              – Sam T
              2 hours ago










            • Note that we already have a set of perpendicular lines, so it's not like we're starting from nothing
              – Sam T
              2 hours ago










            • @samStreeter The OP has edited the question to say the axes are unmarked, so this nice solution isn't one.
              – Ethan Bolker
              1 hour ago














            up vote
            1
            down vote













            How about joining $left(1,0right)$ to $left(0,1right)$ to $left(-1,0right)$ to $left(0,-1right)$ back to $left(1,0right)$ by straight lines?






            share|cite|improve this answer








            New contributor




            Sam Streeter is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
            Check out our Code of Conduct.













            • 1




              Nice. I suspect it's impossible to construct a unit square, since that would require constructing $sqrt2$ without a compass.
              – Ethan Bolker
              4 hours ago










            • Sorry, I should have said explicitly: unmarked coordinate axes. Basically just two (doubly-infinite) lines perpendicular to each other.
              – Sam T
              2 hours ago










            • @EthanBolker is it not possible to construct $sqrt 2$ without a compass?
              – Sam T
              2 hours ago










            • Note that we already have a set of perpendicular lines, so it's not like we're starting from nothing
              – Sam T
              2 hours ago










            • @samStreeter The OP has edited the question to say the axes are unmarked, so this nice solution isn't one.
              – Ethan Bolker
              1 hour ago












            up vote
            1
            down vote










            up vote
            1
            down vote









            How about joining $left(1,0right)$ to $left(0,1right)$ to $left(-1,0right)$ to $left(0,-1right)$ back to $left(1,0right)$ by straight lines?






            share|cite|improve this answer








            New contributor




            Sam Streeter is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
            Check out our Code of Conduct.









            How about joining $left(1,0right)$ to $left(0,1right)$ to $left(-1,0right)$ to $left(0,-1right)$ back to $left(1,0right)$ by straight lines?







            share|cite|improve this answer








            New contributor




            Sam Streeter is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
            Check out our Code of Conduct.









            share|cite|improve this answer



            share|cite|improve this answer






            New contributor




            Sam Streeter is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
            Check out our Code of Conduct.









            answered 4 hours ago









            Sam Streeter

            313




            313




            New contributor




            Sam Streeter is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
            Check out our Code of Conduct.





            New contributor





            Sam Streeter is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
            Check out our Code of Conduct.






            Sam Streeter is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
            Check out our Code of Conduct.







            • 1




              Nice. I suspect it's impossible to construct a unit square, since that would require constructing $sqrt2$ without a compass.
              – Ethan Bolker
              4 hours ago










            • Sorry, I should have said explicitly: unmarked coordinate axes. Basically just two (doubly-infinite) lines perpendicular to each other.
              – Sam T
              2 hours ago










            • @EthanBolker is it not possible to construct $sqrt 2$ without a compass?
              – Sam T
              2 hours ago










            • Note that we already have a set of perpendicular lines, so it's not like we're starting from nothing
              – Sam T
              2 hours ago










            • @samStreeter The OP has edited the question to say the axes are unmarked, so this nice solution isn't one.
              – Ethan Bolker
              1 hour ago












            • 1




              Nice. I suspect it's impossible to construct a unit square, since that would require constructing $sqrt2$ without a compass.
              – Ethan Bolker
              4 hours ago










            • Sorry, I should have said explicitly: unmarked coordinate axes. Basically just two (doubly-infinite) lines perpendicular to each other.
              – Sam T
              2 hours ago










            • @EthanBolker is it not possible to construct $sqrt 2$ without a compass?
              – Sam T
              2 hours ago










            • Note that we already have a set of perpendicular lines, so it's not like we're starting from nothing
              – Sam T
              2 hours ago










            • @samStreeter The OP has edited the question to say the axes are unmarked, so this nice solution isn't one.
              – Ethan Bolker
              1 hour ago







            1




            1




            Nice. I suspect it's impossible to construct a unit square, since that would require constructing $sqrt2$ without a compass.
            – Ethan Bolker
            4 hours ago




            Nice. I suspect it's impossible to construct a unit square, since that would require constructing $sqrt2$ without a compass.
            – Ethan Bolker
            4 hours ago












            Sorry, I should have said explicitly: unmarked coordinate axes. Basically just two (doubly-infinite) lines perpendicular to each other.
            – Sam T
            2 hours ago




            Sorry, I should have said explicitly: unmarked coordinate axes. Basically just two (doubly-infinite) lines perpendicular to each other.
            – Sam T
            2 hours ago












            @EthanBolker is it not possible to construct $sqrt 2$ without a compass?
            – Sam T
            2 hours ago




            @EthanBolker is it not possible to construct $sqrt 2$ without a compass?
            – Sam T
            2 hours ago












            Note that we already have a set of perpendicular lines, so it's not like we're starting from nothing
            – Sam T
            2 hours ago




            Note that we already have a set of perpendicular lines, so it's not like we're starting from nothing
            – Sam T
            2 hours ago












            @samStreeter The OP has edited the question to say the axes are unmarked, so this nice solution isn't one.
            – Ethan Bolker
            1 hour ago




            @samStreeter The OP has edited the question to say the axes are unmarked, so this nice solution isn't one.
            – Ethan Bolker
            1 hour ago

















             

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