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Clash Royale CLAN TAG #URR8PPP .everyoneloves__top-leaderboard:empty,.everyoneloves__mid-leaderboard:empty margin-bottom:0; up vote 2 down vote favorite The following things are true: Bards are allowed to use their musical instruments as spell focuses. Proficiency with a musical instrument allows you to add your proficiency bonus to ability checks made with that instrument. Using an musical instrument in place of a material component means you are using the instrument to cast the spell. If a spell has you make an ability check as part of casting the spell and your instrumental focus can be used, does your proficiency bonus from instrument apply to the check? This is a purely theoretical / fringe theorycrafting situation as I have not found a spell that requires a material component that has the caster make an ability check. The three spells that I know of that call for ability checks ( dispel magic , counterspell , and telekinesis ), do not require material components, so

Clash Royale CLAN TAG #URR8PPP up vote 3 down vote favorite I have a phrase that I am trying to translate into predicate logic. The phrase is as follows: All lions except old ones roar So far I have written down that: $∀x((L(x) land lnot O(x)) to R(x))$ Where $L(x)$ is " $x$ is a lion", $O(x)$ is " $x$ is old", and $R(x)$ is " $x$ roars". I am wondering if this is correct notation. I am mostly confused about the "except" in the phrase because as I have translated states that all lions who are not old roar. Does any one have any thoughts about the notation for this phrase? discrete-mathematics logic first-order-logic predicate-logic logic-translation share | cite | improve this question edited 20 mins ago Taroccoesbrocco 3,978 6 15 35 asked 5 hours ago user3471031 23 3 2 Do you think your sentence states that old lions don't roar, or does it simply say that young and