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What is this ancient Egyptian material called “maklalu�
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I read this passage in a book,
"A coloured linen maklalu-material, for one royal dress for the king. A total of 12 linen garments...â€Â
It was a gift from Nefertari of Egypt to the Queen of Hittites.
Maklalu-material.. what is that?
language ancient-egypt
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sempaiscuba♦
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Samid
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I read this passage in a book,
"A coloured linen maklalu-material, for one royal dress for the king. A total of 12 linen garments...â€Â
It was a gift from Nefertari of Egypt to the Queen of Hittites.
Maklalu-material.. what is that?
language ancient-egypt
edited 9 mins ago
sempaiscuba♦
38.9k4140174
asked 1 hour ago
Samid
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Samid is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
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add a comment |Â
up vote
2
down vote
favorite
up vote
2
down vote
favorite
I read this passage in a book,
"A coloured linen maklalu-material, for one royal dress for the king. A total of 12 linen garments...â€Â
It was a gift from Nefertari of Egypt to the Queen of Hittites.
Maklalu-material.. what is that?
language ancient-egypt
edited 9 mins ago
sempaiscuba♦
38.9k4140174
asked 1 hour ago
Samid
111
New contributor
Samid is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
I read this passage in a book,
"A coloured linen maklalu-material, for one royal dress for the king. A total of 12 linen garments...â€Â
It was a gift from Nefertari of Egypt to the Queen of Hittites.
Maklalu-material.. what is that?
language ancient-egypt
language ancient-egypt
edited 9 mins ago
sempaiscuba♦
38.9k4140174
asked 1 hour ago
Samid
111
New contributor
Samid is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
edited 9 mins ago
sempaiscuba♦
38.9k4140174
asked 1 hour ago
Samid
111
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Samid is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
edited 9 mins ago
sempaiscuba♦
38.9k4140174
edited 9 mins ago
sempaiscuba♦
38.9k4140174
edited 9 mins ago
sempaiscuba♦
38.9k4140174
38.9k4140174
asked 1 hour ago
Samid
111
New contributor
Samid is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
asked 1 hour ago
Samid
111
asked 1 hour ago
Samid
111
111
New contributor
Samid is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
New contributor
Samid is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
Samid is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
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The first thing to note is that muklÄÂlu, or maklulu, is not an Egyptian word. It is Akkadian cuneiform, and the passage you quote is from a letter from Nefertari, wife of Ramesses II, to the Hittite Queen Puduhepa, wife of Hattushili III, after the peace treaty which followed the battle of Kadesh.
The tablet is currently in the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations in Ankara.
The text reads:
The great Queen Naptera [Nefertari] of the land of Egypt speaks thus: “Speak to my sister Puduhepa, the Great Queen of the Hatti land. I, your sister, [also] be well!! May your country be well. Now, I have learned that you, my sister, have written to me asking after my health. You have written to me because of the good friendship and brotherly relationship between your brother, the king of Egypt, The Great and the Storm God will bring about peace, and he will make the brotherly relationship between the Egptian king, the Great King, and his brother, the Hatti King, the Great King, last for ever… See, I have sent you a gift, in order to greet you, my sister… for your neck [a necklace] of pure gold, composed of 12 bands and weighing 88 shekels, coloured linen muklÄÂlu-material, for one royal dress for the king… A total of 12 linen garments.â€Â
The muklÄÂlu, or maklulu, was an item of clothing. It was probably a shawl, cape, or hood, and we have sources stating that it could be either red or blue (which is why it is described as "coloured linen" in the letter, although, sadly exactly which colour was being sent isn't specified)).
The word is of Assyrian origin, and is defined in the Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD) as follows:
Perhaps a more useful (or at least readable) definition is to be found in Garments, Parts of Garments, and Textile Techniques in the Assyrian Terminology: The NeoAssyrian Textile Lexicon in the 1st-Millennium BC Linguistic Context by Salvatore Gaspa of the University of Copenhagen is:
maklulu or muklÄÂlu (muqlÄÂlu). This term, derived from the verb qalÄÂlu, ‘to be light, weak’, seems to denote a wool shawl or a cape.117 In a Middle Assyrian text wool garments (lubēru) with their maklalu are listed.118 The textiles in question are qualified as garments Å¡a ṣēri, ‘of the steppe/countryside’, perhaps, to be intended as garments with capes which were used for travel or which were characteristic of the nomads’ dress. Postgate suggests the translation ‘hood’.119 Moreover, it seems that in 2nd-millennium BC Assyria also maklulus for work (Å¡a Å¡ipri/KIN) were in use.120 The Neo-Assyrian maklulu came in two varieties: one with sleeves and one without sleeves.121 Administrative texts dealing with textiles tell us that the muklÄÂlu could be made of birÅ¡u, and that it could have a red coloured frontpiece and (precious) stones sewn onto it,122 perhaps along the border. Another document specifies that the colour used for the front-part of the muklÄÂlu was the commercial red
answered 17 mins ago
sempaiscuba♦
38.9k4140174
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up vote
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There a few aspects to consider here:
maklulu (a garment) CAD M/i, 137b s.v. ‘maklalu’
This is an article of clothing, better attested in Neo-Assyrian texts. In MARV 1.24:7’ it appears to be ‘for work’ (Å¡a kin), and to be of some technique or workmanship which is lost at the broken end of the line. In KAV 99 from the Babu-aḫa-iddina archive we have “two work garments of the countryside, together with their makluluâ€Â, suggesting that it could be an ancillary item, conceivably ‘hood’ (given the association of the root kll with headgear in other words).
Nicholas Postgate: "Wool, Hair and Textiles in Assyria", in:
Catherine Breniquet and Cécile Michel (Eds.): "Wool Economy
In The Ancient Near East And The Aegean. From the Beginnings of Sheep Husbandry to Institutional Textile Industry", Oxbow Books:
Oxford, Philadelphia, 2014, p 401– 427.
But:
maklulu or muklÄÂlu (muqlÄÂlu). This term, derived from the verb qalÄÂlu, ‘to be light, weak’, seems to denote a wool shawl or a cape. In a Middle Assyrian text wool garments (lubēru) with their maklalu are listed. The textiles in question are qualified as garments Å¡a ṣēri, ‘of the steppe/countryside’, perhaps, to be intended as garments with capes which were used for travel or which were characteristic of the nomads’ dress. Postgate suggests the translation ‘hood’. Moreover, it seems that in 2nd-millennium BC Assyria also maklulus for work (Å¡a Å¡ipri/KIN) were in use. The Neo-Assyrian maklulu came in two varieties: one with sleeves and one without sleeves. Administrative texts dealing with textiles tell us that the muklÄÂlu could be made of birÅ¡u, and that it could have a red coloured front-piece and (precious) stones sewn onto it, perhaps along the border. Another document specifies that the colour used for the front-part of the muklÄÂlu was the commercial red.
Salvatore Gaspa: "Garments, Parts of Garments, and Textile Techniques in the Assyrian Terminology: The Neo-Assyrian Textile Lexicon in the 1st-Millennium BC Linguistic Context" (2017). Textile Terminologies om the Orient to the Mediterranean and Europe, 1000 BC to 1000 AD. 3.
http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/texterm/3
Leaving us to conclude that this probably was not really an Egyptian garment, at least not one 'invented there'. Probably copied from the Assyrian/Akkadian style or imported at a premium from there.
From the passage cited it seems to imply that the material used would be linen. But together with the assumption that it might mean hood/hooded this is not entirely clear. First the word for hood is listed separately in a letter as parsigu (AHw II 836). Second the material used for it might actually be linen, wool, or byssos. This implies much stronger connection to the weaving technique, style of cut or intended use. Small hints from middle Assyrian texts seem to point into the direction of 'travel clothes'. (Elmar Edel: "Ägyptische Ärzte und ägyptische Medizin am hethitischen Königshof. Neue Funde von Keilschriftbriefen Ramses' II. aus Bogazköy", Westdeutscher Verlag: Göttingen, 1976, p 1976.)
answered 20 mins ago
LangLangC
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2 Answers
2
active
oldest
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2 Answers
2
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
up vote
2
down vote
The first thing to note is that muklÄÂlu, or maklulu, is not an Egyptian word. It is Akkadian cuneiform, and the passage you quote is from a letter from Nefertari, wife of Ramesses II, to the Hittite Queen Puduhepa, wife of Hattushili III, after the peace treaty which followed the battle of Kadesh.
The tablet is currently in the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations in Ankara.
The text reads:
The great Queen Naptera [Nefertari] of the land of Egypt speaks thus: “Speak to my sister Puduhepa, the Great Queen of the Hatti land. I, your sister, [also] be well!! May your country be well. Now, I have learned that you, my sister, have written to me asking after my health. You have written to me because of the good friendship and brotherly relationship between your brother, the king of Egypt, The Great and the Storm God will bring about peace, and he will make the brotherly relationship between the Egptian king, the Great King, and his brother, the Hatti King, the Great King, last for ever… See, I have sent you a gift, in order to greet you, my sister… for your neck [a necklace] of pure gold, composed of 12 bands and weighing 88 shekels, coloured linen muklÄÂlu-material, for one royal dress for the king… A total of 12 linen garments.â€Â
The muklÄÂlu, or maklulu, was an item of clothing. It was probably a shawl, cape, or hood, and we have sources stating that it could be either red or blue (which is why it is described as "coloured linen" in the letter, although, sadly exactly which colour was being sent isn't specified)).
The word is of Assyrian origin, and is defined in the Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD) as follows:
Perhaps a more useful (or at least readable) definition is to be found in Garments, Parts of Garments, and Textile Techniques in the Assyrian Terminology: The NeoAssyrian Textile Lexicon in the 1st-Millennium BC Linguistic Context by Salvatore Gaspa of the University of Copenhagen is:
maklulu or muklÄÂlu (muqlÄÂlu). This term, derived from the verb qalÄÂlu, ‘to be light, weak’, seems to denote a wool shawl or a cape.117 In a Middle Assyrian text wool garments (lubēru) with their maklalu are listed.118 The textiles in question are qualified as garments Å¡a ṣēri, ‘of the steppe/countryside’, perhaps, to be intended as garments with capes which were used for travel or which were characteristic of the nomads’ dress. Postgate suggests the translation ‘hood’.119 Moreover, it seems that in 2nd-millennium BC Assyria also maklulus for work (Å¡a Å¡ipri/KIN) were in use.120 The Neo-Assyrian maklulu came in two varieties: one with sleeves and one without sleeves.121 Administrative texts dealing with textiles tell us that the muklÄÂlu could be made of birÅ¡u, and that it could have a red coloured frontpiece and (precious) stones sewn onto it,122 perhaps along the border. Another document specifies that the colour used for the front-part of the muklÄÂlu was the commercial red
answered 17 mins ago
sempaiscuba♦
38.9k4140174
add a comment |Â
up vote
2
down vote
The first thing to note is that muklÄÂlu, or maklulu, is not an Egyptian word. It is Akkadian cuneiform, and the passage you quote is from a letter from Nefertari, wife of Ramesses II, to the Hittite Queen Puduhepa, wife of Hattushili III, after the peace treaty which followed the battle of Kadesh.
The tablet is currently in the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations in Ankara.
The text reads:
The great Queen Naptera [Nefertari] of the land of Egypt speaks thus: “Speak to my sister Puduhepa, the Great Queen of the Hatti land. I, your sister, [also] be well!! May your country be well. Now, I have learned that you, my sister, have written to me asking after my health. You have written to me because of the good friendship and brotherly relationship between your brother, the king of Egypt, The Great and the Storm God will bring about peace, and he will make the brotherly relationship between the Egptian king, the Great King, and his brother, the Hatti King, the Great King, last for ever… See, I have sent you a gift, in order to greet you, my sister… for your neck [a necklace] of pure gold, composed of 12 bands and weighing 88 shekels, coloured linen muklÄÂlu-material, for one royal dress for the king… A total of 12 linen garments.â€Â
The muklÄÂlu, or maklulu, was an item of clothing. It was probably a shawl, cape, or hood, and we have sources stating that it could be either red or blue (which is why it is described as "coloured linen" in the letter, although, sadly exactly which colour was being sent isn't specified)).
The word is of Assyrian origin, and is defined in the Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD) as follows:
Perhaps a more useful (or at least readable) definition is to be found in Garments, Parts of Garments, and Textile Techniques in the Assyrian Terminology: The NeoAssyrian Textile Lexicon in the 1st-Millennium BC Linguistic Context by Salvatore Gaspa of the University of Copenhagen is:
maklulu or muklÄÂlu (muqlÄÂlu). This term, derived from the verb qalÄÂlu, ‘to be light, weak’, seems to denote a wool shawl or a cape.117 In a Middle Assyrian text wool garments (lubēru) with their maklalu are listed.118 The textiles in question are qualified as garments Å¡a ṣēri, ‘of the steppe/countryside’, perhaps, to be intended as garments with capes which were used for travel or which were characteristic of the nomads’ dress. Postgate suggests the translation ‘hood’.119 Moreover, it seems that in 2nd-millennium BC Assyria also maklulus for work (Å¡a Å¡ipri/KIN) were in use.120 The Neo-Assyrian maklulu came in two varieties: one with sleeves and one without sleeves.121 Administrative texts dealing with textiles tell us that the muklÄÂlu could be made of birÅ¡u, and that it could have a red coloured frontpiece and (precious) stones sewn onto it,122 perhaps along the border. Another document specifies that the colour used for the front-part of the muklÄÂlu was the commercial red
answered 17 mins ago
sempaiscuba♦
38.9k4140174
add a comment |Â
up vote
2
down vote
up vote
2
down vote
The first thing to note is that muklÄÂlu, or maklulu, is not an Egyptian word. It is Akkadian cuneiform, and the passage you quote is from a letter from Nefertari, wife of Ramesses II, to the Hittite Queen Puduhepa, wife of Hattushili III, after the peace treaty which followed the battle of Kadesh.
The tablet is currently in the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations in Ankara.
The text reads:
The great Queen Naptera [Nefertari] of the land of Egypt speaks thus: “Speak to my sister Puduhepa, the Great Queen of the Hatti land. I, your sister, [also] be well!! May your country be well. Now, I have learned that you, my sister, have written to me asking after my health. You have written to me because of the good friendship and brotherly relationship between your brother, the king of Egypt, The Great and the Storm God will bring about peace, and he will make the brotherly relationship between the Egptian king, the Great King, and his brother, the Hatti King, the Great King, last for ever… See, I have sent you a gift, in order to greet you, my sister… for your neck [a necklace] of pure gold, composed of 12 bands and weighing 88 shekels, coloured linen muklÄÂlu-material, for one royal dress for the king… A total of 12 linen garments.â€Â
The muklÄÂlu, or maklulu, was an item of clothing. It was probably a shawl, cape, or hood, and we have sources stating that it could be either red or blue (which is why it is described as "coloured linen" in the letter, although, sadly exactly which colour was being sent isn't specified)).
The word is of Assyrian origin, and is defined in the Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD) as follows:
Perhaps a more useful (or at least readable) definition is to be found in Garments, Parts of Garments, and Textile Techniques in the Assyrian Terminology: The NeoAssyrian Textile Lexicon in the 1st-Millennium BC Linguistic Context by Salvatore Gaspa of the University of Copenhagen is:
maklulu or muklÄÂlu (muqlÄÂlu). This term, derived from the verb qalÄÂlu, ‘to be light, weak’, seems to denote a wool shawl or a cape.117 In a Middle Assyrian text wool garments (lubēru) with their maklalu are listed.118 The textiles in question are qualified as garments Å¡a ṣēri, ‘of the steppe/countryside’, perhaps, to be intended as garments with capes which were used for travel or which were characteristic of the nomads’ dress. Postgate suggests the translation ‘hood’.119 Moreover, it seems that in 2nd-millennium BC Assyria also maklulus for work (Å¡a Å¡ipri/KIN) were in use.120 The Neo-Assyrian maklulu came in two varieties: one with sleeves and one without sleeves.121 Administrative texts dealing with textiles tell us that the muklÄÂlu could be made of birÅ¡u, and that it could have a red coloured frontpiece and (precious) stones sewn onto it,122 perhaps along the border. Another document specifies that the colour used for the front-part of the muklÄÂlu was the commercial red
answered 17 mins ago
sempaiscuba♦
38.9k4140174
The first thing to note is that muklÄÂlu, or maklulu, is not an Egyptian word. It is Akkadian cuneiform, and the passage you quote is from a letter from Nefertari, wife of Ramesses II, to the Hittite Queen Puduhepa, wife of Hattushili III, after the peace treaty which followed the battle of Kadesh.
The tablet is currently in the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations in Ankara.
The text reads:
The great Queen Naptera [Nefertari] of the land of Egypt speaks thus: “Speak to my sister Puduhepa, the Great Queen of the Hatti land. I, your sister, [also] be well!! May your country be well. Now, I have learned that you, my sister, have written to me asking after my health. You have written to me because of the good friendship and brotherly relationship between your brother, the king of Egypt, The Great and the Storm God will bring about peace, and he will make the brotherly relationship between the Egptian king, the Great King, and his brother, the Hatti King, the Great King, last for ever… See, I have sent you a gift, in order to greet you, my sister… for your neck [a necklace] of pure gold, composed of 12 bands and weighing 88 shekels, coloured linen muklÄÂlu-material, for one royal dress for the king… A total of 12 linen garments.â€Â
The muklÄÂlu, or maklulu, was an item of clothing. It was probably a shawl, cape, or hood, and we have sources stating that it could be either red or blue (which is why it is described as "coloured linen" in the letter, although, sadly exactly which colour was being sent isn't specified)).
The word is of Assyrian origin, and is defined in the Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD) as follows:
Perhaps a more useful (or at least readable) definition is to be found in Garments, Parts of Garments, and Textile Techniques in the Assyrian Terminology: The NeoAssyrian Textile Lexicon in the 1st-Millennium BC Linguistic Context by Salvatore Gaspa of the University of Copenhagen is:
maklulu or muklÄÂlu (muqlÄÂlu). This term, derived from the verb qalÄÂlu, ‘to be light, weak’, seems to denote a wool shawl or a cape.117 In a Middle Assyrian text wool garments (lubēru) with their maklalu are listed.118 The textiles in question are qualified as garments Å¡a ṣēri, ‘of the steppe/countryside’, perhaps, to be intended as garments with capes which were used for travel or which were characteristic of the nomads’ dress. Postgate suggests the translation ‘hood’.119 Moreover, it seems that in 2nd-millennium BC Assyria also maklulus for work (Å¡a Å¡ipri/KIN) were in use.120 The Neo-Assyrian maklulu came in two varieties: one with sleeves and one without sleeves.121 Administrative texts dealing with textiles tell us that the muklÄÂlu could be made of birÅ¡u, and that it could have a red coloured frontpiece and (precious) stones sewn onto it,122 perhaps along the border. Another document specifies that the colour used for the front-part of the muklÄÂlu was the commercial red
answered 17 mins ago
sempaiscuba♦
38.9k4140174
answered 17 mins ago
sempaiscuba♦
38.9k4140174
answered 17 mins ago
sempaiscuba♦
38.9k4140174
answered 17 mins ago
sempaiscuba♦
38.9k4140174
38.9k4140174
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up vote
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There a few aspects to consider here:
maklulu (a garment) CAD M/i, 137b s.v. ‘maklalu’
This is an article of clothing, better attested in Neo-Assyrian texts. In MARV 1.24:7’ it appears to be ‘for work’ (Å¡a kin), and to be of some technique or workmanship which is lost at the broken end of the line. In KAV 99 from the Babu-aḫa-iddina archive we have “two work garments of the countryside, together with their makluluâ€Â, suggesting that it could be an ancillary item, conceivably ‘hood’ (given the association of the root kll with headgear in other words).
Nicholas Postgate: "Wool, Hair and Textiles in Assyria", in:
Catherine Breniquet and Cécile Michel (Eds.): "Wool Economy
In The Ancient Near East And The Aegean. From the Beginnings of Sheep Husbandry to Institutional Textile Industry", Oxbow Books:
Oxford, Philadelphia, 2014, p 401– 427.
But:
maklulu or muklÄÂlu (muqlÄÂlu). This term, derived from the verb qalÄÂlu, ‘to be light, weak’, seems to denote a wool shawl or a cape. In a Middle Assyrian text wool garments (lubēru) with their maklalu are listed. The textiles in question are qualified as garments Å¡a ṣēri, ‘of the steppe/countryside’, perhaps, to be intended as garments with capes which were used for travel or which were characteristic of the nomads’ dress. Postgate suggests the translation ‘hood’. Moreover, it seems that in 2nd-millennium BC Assyria also maklulus for work (Å¡a Å¡ipri/KIN) were in use. The Neo-Assyrian maklulu came in two varieties: one with sleeves and one without sleeves. Administrative texts dealing with textiles tell us that the muklÄÂlu could be made of birÅ¡u, and that it could have a red coloured front-piece and (precious) stones sewn onto it, perhaps along the border. Another document specifies that the colour used for the front-part of the muklÄÂlu was the commercial red.
Salvatore Gaspa: "Garments, Parts of Garments, and Textile Techniques in the Assyrian Terminology: The Neo-Assyrian Textile Lexicon in the 1st-Millennium BC Linguistic Context" (2017). Textile Terminologies om the Orient to the Mediterranean and Europe, 1000 BC to 1000 AD. 3.
http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/texterm/3
Leaving us to conclude that this probably was not really an Egyptian garment, at least not one 'invented there'. Probably copied from the Assyrian/Akkadian style or imported at a premium from there.
From the passage cited it seems to imply that the material used would be linen. But together with the assumption that it might mean hood/hooded this is not entirely clear. First the word for hood is listed separately in a letter as parsigu (AHw II 836). Second the material used for it might actually be linen, wool, or byssos. This implies much stronger connection to the weaving technique, style of cut or intended use. Small hints from middle Assyrian texts seem to point into the direction of 'travel clothes'. (Elmar Edel: "Ägyptische Ärzte und ägyptische Medizin am hethitischen Königshof. Neue Funde von Keilschriftbriefen Ramses' II. aus Bogazköy", Westdeutscher Verlag: Göttingen, 1976, p 1976.)
answered 20 mins ago
LangLangC
12.2k14273
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up vote
2
down vote
There a few aspects to consider here:
maklulu (a garment) CAD M/i, 137b s.v. ‘maklalu’
This is an article of clothing, better attested in Neo-Assyrian texts. In MARV 1.24:7’ it appears to be ‘for work’ (Å¡a kin), and to be of some technique or workmanship which is lost at the broken end of the line. In KAV 99 from the Babu-aḫa-iddina archive we have “two work garments of the countryside, together with their makluluâ€Â, suggesting that it could be an ancillary item, conceivably ‘hood’ (given the association of the root kll with headgear in other words).
Nicholas Postgate: "Wool, Hair and Textiles in Assyria", in:
Catherine Breniquet and Cécile Michel (Eds.): "Wool Economy
In The Ancient Near East And The Aegean. From the Beginnings of Sheep Husbandry to Institutional Textile Industry", Oxbow Books:
Oxford, Philadelphia, 2014, p 401– 427.
But:
maklulu or muklÄÂlu (muqlÄÂlu). This term, derived from the verb qalÄÂlu, ‘to be light, weak’, seems to denote a wool shawl or a cape. In a Middle Assyrian text wool garments (lubēru) with their maklalu are listed. The textiles in question are qualified as garments Å¡a ṣēri, ‘of the steppe/countryside’, perhaps, to be intended as garments with capes which were used for travel or which were characteristic of the nomads’ dress. Postgate suggests the translation ‘hood’. Moreover, it seems that in 2nd-millennium BC Assyria also maklulus for work (Å¡a Å¡ipri/KIN) were in use. The Neo-Assyrian maklulu came in two varieties: one with sleeves and one without sleeves. Administrative texts dealing with textiles tell us that the muklÄÂlu could be made of birÅ¡u, and that it could have a red coloured front-piece and (precious) stones sewn onto it, perhaps along the border. Another document specifies that the colour used for the front-part of the muklÄÂlu was the commercial red.
Salvatore Gaspa: "Garments, Parts of Garments, and Textile Techniques in the Assyrian Terminology: The Neo-Assyrian Textile Lexicon in the 1st-Millennium BC Linguistic Context" (2017). Textile Terminologies om the Orient to the Mediterranean and Europe, 1000 BC to 1000 AD. 3.
http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/texterm/3
Leaving us to conclude that this probably was not really an Egyptian garment, at least not one 'invented there'. Probably copied from the Assyrian/Akkadian style or imported at a premium from there.
From the passage cited it seems to imply that the material used would be linen. But together with the assumption that it might mean hood/hooded this is not entirely clear. First the word for hood is listed separately in a letter as parsigu (AHw II 836). Second the material used for it might actually be linen, wool, or byssos. This implies much stronger connection to the weaving technique, style of cut or intended use. Small hints from middle Assyrian texts seem to point into the direction of 'travel clothes'. (Elmar Edel: "Ägyptische Ärzte und ägyptische Medizin am hethitischen Königshof. Neue Funde von Keilschriftbriefen Ramses' II. aus Bogazköy", Westdeutscher Verlag: Göttingen, 1976, p 1976.)
answered 20 mins ago
LangLangC
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There a few aspects to consider here:
maklulu (a garment) CAD M/i, 137b s.v. ‘maklalu’
This is an article of clothing, better attested in Neo-Assyrian texts. In MARV 1.24:7’ it appears to be ‘for work’ (Å¡a kin), and to be of some technique or workmanship which is lost at the broken end of the line. In KAV 99 from the Babu-aḫa-iddina archive we have “two work garments of the countryside, together with their makluluâ€Â, suggesting that it could be an ancillary item, conceivably ‘hood’ (given the association of the root kll with headgear in other words).
Nicholas Postgate: "Wool, Hair and Textiles in Assyria", in:
Catherine Breniquet and Cécile Michel (Eds.): "Wool Economy
In The Ancient Near East And The Aegean. From the Beginnings of Sheep Husbandry to Institutional Textile Industry", Oxbow Books:
Oxford, Philadelphia, 2014, p 401– 427.
But:
maklulu or muklÄÂlu (muqlÄÂlu). This term, derived from the verb qalÄÂlu, ‘to be light, weak’, seems to denote a wool shawl or a cape. In a Middle Assyrian text wool garments (lubēru) with their maklalu are listed. The textiles in question are qualified as garments Å¡a ṣēri, ‘of the steppe/countryside’, perhaps, to be intended as garments with capes which were used for travel or which were characteristic of the nomads’ dress. Postgate suggests the translation ‘hood’. Moreover, it seems that in 2nd-millennium BC Assyria also maklulus for work (Å¡a Å¡ipri/KIN) were in use. The Neo-Assyrian maklulu came in two varieties: one with sleeves and one without sleeves. Administrative texts dealing with textiles tell us that the muklÄÂlu could be made of birÅ¡u, and that it could have a red coloured front-piece and (precious) stones sewn onto it, perhaps along the border. Another document specifies that the colour used for the front-part of the muklÄÂlu was the commercial red.
Salvatore Gaspa: "Garments, Parts of Garments, and Textile Techniques in the Assyrian Terminology: The Neo-Assyrian Textile Lexicon in the 1st-Millennium BC Linguistic Context" (2017). Textile Terminologies om the Orient to the Mediterranean and Europe, 1000 BC to 1000 AD. 3.
http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/texterm/3
Leaving us to conclude that this probably was not really an Egyptian garment, at least not one 'invented there'. Probably copied from the Assyrian/Akkadian style or imported at a premium from there.
From the passage cited it seems to imply that the material used would be linen. But together with the assumption that it might mean hood/hooded this is not entirely clear. First the word for hood is listed separately in a letter as parsigu (AHw II 836). Second the material used for it might actually be linen, wool, or byssos. This implies much stronger connection to the weaving technique, style of cut or intended use. Small hints from middle Assyrian texts seem to point into the direction of 'travel clothes'. (Elmar Edel: "Ägyptische Ärzte und ägyptische Medizin am hethitischen Königshof. Neue Funde von Keilschriftbriefen Ramses' II. aus Bogazköy", Westdeutscher Verlag: Göttingen, 1976, p 1976.)
answered 20 mins ago
LangLangC
12.2k14273
There a few aspects to consider here:
maklulu (a garment) CAD M/i, 137b s.v. ‘maklalu’
This is an article of clothing, better attested in Neo-Assyrian texts. In MARV 1.24:7’ it appears to be ‘for work’ (Å¡a kin), and to be of some technique or workmanship which is lost at the broken end of the line. In KAV 99 from the Babu-aḫa-iddina archive we have “two work garments of the countryside, together with their makluluâ€Â, suggesting that it could be an ancillary item, conceivably ‘hood’ (given the association of the root kll with headgear in other words).
Nicholas Postgate: "Wool, Hair and Textiles in Assyria", in:
Catherine Breniquet and Cécile Michel (Eds.): "Wool Economy
In The Ancient Near East And The Aegean. From the Beginnings of Sheep Husbandry to Institutional Textile Industry", Oxbow Books:
Oxford, Philadelphia, 2014, p 401– 427.
But:
maklulu or muklÄÂlu (muqlÄÂlu). This term, derived from the verb qalÄÂlu, ‘to be light, weak’, seems to denote a wool shawl or a cape. In a Middle Assyrian text wool garments (lubēru) with their maklalu are listed. The textiles in question are qualified as garments Å¡a ṣēri, ‘of the steppe/countryside’, perhaps, to be intended as garments with capes which were used for travel or which were characteristic of the nomads’ dress. Postgate suggests the translation ‘hood’. Moreover, it seems that in 2nd-millennium BC Assyria also maklulus for work (Å¡a Å¡ipri/KIN) were in use. The Neo-Assyrian maklulu came in two varieties: one with sleeves and one without sleeves. Administrative texts dealing with textiles tell us that the muklÄÂlu could be made of birÅ¡u, and that it could have a red coloured front-piece and (precious) stones sewn onto it, perhaps along the border. Another document specifies that the colour used for the front-part of the muklÄÂlu was the commercial red.
Salvatore Gaspa: "Garments, Parts of Garments, and Textile Techniques in the Assyrian Terminology: The Neo-Assyrian Textile Lexicon in the 1st-Millennium BC Linguistic Context" (2017). Textile Terminologies om the Orient to the Mediterranean and Europe, 1000 BC to 1000 AD. 3.
http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/texterm/3
Leaving us to conclude that this probably was not really an Egyptian garment, at least not one 'invented there'. Probably copied from the Assyrian/Akkadian style or imported at a premium from there.
From the passage cited it seems to imply that the material used would be linen. But together with the assumption that it might mean hood/hooded this is not entirely clear. First the word for hood is listed separately in a letter as parsigu (AHw II 836). Second the material used for it might actually be linen, wool, or byssos. This implies much stronger connection to the weaving technique, style of cut or intended use. Small hints from middle Assyrian texts seem to point into the direction of 'travel clothes'. (Elmar Edel: "Ägyptische Ärzte und ägyptische Medizin am hethitischen Königshof. Neue Funde von Keilschriftbriefen Ramses' II. aus Bogazköy", Westdeutscher Verlag: Göttingen, 1976, p 1976.)
answered 20 mins ago
LangLangC
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edited 5 mins ago
answered 20 mins ago
LangLangC
12.2k14273
answered 20 mins ago
LangLangC
12.2k14273
answered 20 mins ago
LangLangC
12.2k14273
12.2k14273
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