Intuition behind commutativity of convolution in LTI systems

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Why is convolution commutative as it seems to treat two signals in a different way in an LTI system?



If you imagine y[n] = x[n] * h[n] with x[n] being an input signal and h[n] being the impulse risponse of an LTI system A, how does it make sense that LTI system B with input h[n] and impulse response x[n] generates the exact same output y[n]?










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    Why is convolution commutative as it seems to treat two signals in a different way in an LTI system?



    If you imagine y[n] = x[n] * h[n] with x[n] being an input signal and h[n] being the impulse risponse of an LTI system A, how does it make sense that LTI system B with input h[n] and impulse response x[n] generates the exact same output y[n]?










    share|improve this question







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      Why is convolution commutative as it seems to treat two signals in a different way in an LTI system?



      If you imagine y[n] = x[n] * h[n] with x[n] being an input signal and h[n] being the impulse risponse of an LTI system A, how does it make sense that LTI system B with input h[n] and impulse response x[n] generates the exact same output y[n]?










      share|improve this question







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      NightRain23 is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
      Check out our Code of Conduct.











      Why is convolution commutative as it seems to treat two signals in a different way in an LTI system?



      If you imagine y[n] = x[n] * h[n] with x[n] being an input signal and h[n] being the impulse risponse of an LTI system A, how does it make sense that LTI system B with input h[n] and impulse response x[n] generates the exact same output y[n]?







      discrete-signals convolution continuous-signals linear-systems impulse-response






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          3 Answers
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          Imagine a system that accepts a single number $x$ as its input, and it multiplies that number with another number $h$. Would it surprise you that another system which multiplies its input with the number $x$ gives the same output as the first system when fed with the number $h$ as input? If not, then it also shouldn't come as a surprise that the output of an LTI system with impulse response $h[n]$ and input $x[n]$ gives the same output as another LTI system with impulse response $x[n]$ and input $h[n]$.



          Or, in mathematical language, for the discrete-time case:



          $$(xstar h)[n]=sum_kx[k]h[n-k];_m=n-k=sum_mx[n-m]h[m]=(hstar x)[n]$$






          share|improve this answer



























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            If two different systems provide the same outputs for some input signals, this means they share some properties. But if their outputs are equal for all inputs, then they essentially have the same impulse response, and they are virtually the same systems.



            For instance, imagine you have an input sine at frequency $f$. If both systems cut frequency above $f-epsilon$, both have the same behavior for that signal, but they can be two different low-pass systems, more signals are needed to distinguish them.






            share|improve this answer



























              up vote
              0
              down vote













              You are right. It's completely absurd to think that the impulse response of an LTI system can be replaced by the input signal and vice versa and yet they produce the same result.



              As an example, consider a lowpass filter with IIR impulse response $h[n]$ which is fed by the samples of speech waveform $x[n]$ to produce a lowpass filtered verison of the speech. Yet interchanging the roles of input speech and LTI system impulse resoponse $h[n]$ renders into an absurdity in a practical setting.



              Yet that's mathematically the case. And you can even find example application that can take benefit of such an interchange. A mathematical explanation is given in Matt's answer.






              share|improve this answer




















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                3 Answers
                3






                active

                oldest

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                3 Answers
                3






                active

                oldest

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                active

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                active

                oldest

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                up vote
                1
                down vote













                Imagine a system that accepts a single number $x$ as its input, and it multiplies that number with another number $h$. Would it surprise you that another system which multiplies its input with the number $x$ gives the same output as the first system when fed with the number $h$ as input? If not, then it also shouldn't come as a surprise that the output of an LTI system with impulse response $h[n]$ and input $x[n]$ gives the same output as another LTI system with impulse response $x[n]$ and input $h[n]$.



                Or, in mathematical language, for the discrete-time case:



                $$(xstar h)[n]=sum_kx[k]h[n-k];_m=n-k=sum_mx[n-m]h[m]=(hstar x)[n]$$






                share|improve this answer
























                  up vote
                  1
                  down vote













                  Imagine a system that accepts a single number $x$ as its input, and it multiplies that number with another number $h$. Would it surprise you that another system which multiplies its input with the number $x$ gives the same output as the first system when fed with the number $h$ as input? If not, then it also shouldn't come as a surprise that the output of an LTI system with impulse response $h[n]$ and input $x[n]$ gives the same output as another LTI system with impulse response $x[n]$ and input $h[n]$.



                  Or, in mathematical language, for the discrete-time case:



                  $$(xstar h)[n]=sum_kx[k]h[n-k];_m=n-k=sum_mx[n-m]h[m]=(hstar x)[n]$$






                  share|improve this answer






















                    up vote
                    1
                    down vote










                    up vote
                    1
                    down vote









                    Imagine a system that accepts a single number $x$ as its input, and it multiplies that number with another number $h$. Would it surprise you that another system which multiplies its input with the number $x$ gives the same output as the first system when fed with the number $h$ as input? If not, then it also shouldn't come as a surprise that the output of an LTI system with impulse response $h[n]$ and input $x[n]$ gives the same output as another LTI system with impulse response $x[n]$ and input $h[n]$.



                    Or, in mathematical language, for the discrete-time case:



                    $$(xstar h)[n]=sum_kx[k]h[n-k];_m=n-k=sum_mx[n-m]h[m]=(hstar x)[n]$$






                    share|improve this answer












                    Imagine a system that accepts a single number $x$ as its input, and it multiplies that number with another number $h$. Would it surprise you that another system which multiplies its input with the number $x$ gives the same output as the first system when fed with the number $h$ as input? If not, then it also shouldn't come as a surprise that the output of an LTI system with impulse response $h[n]$ and input $x[n]$ gives the same output as another LTI system with impulse response $x[n]$ and input $h[n]$.



                    Or, in mathematical language, for the discrete-time case:



                    $$(xstar h)[n]=sum_kx[k]h[n-k];_m=n-k=sum_mx[n-m]h[m]=(hstar x)[n]$$







                    share|improve this answer












                    share|improve this answer



                    share|improve this answer










                    answered 2 hours ago









                    Matt L.

                    46.5k13682




                    46.5k13682




















                        up vote
                        0
                        down vote













                        If two different systems provide the same outputs for some input signals, this means they share some properties. But if their outputs are equal for all inputs, then they essentially have the same impulse response, and they are virtually the same systems.



                        For instance, imagine you have an input sine at frequency $f$. If both systems cut frequency above $f-epsilon$, both have the same behavior for that signal, but they can be two different low-pass systems, more signals are needed to distinguish them.






                        share|improve this answer
























                          up vote
                          0
                          down vote













                          If two different systems provide the same outputs for some input signals, this means they share some properties. But if their outputs are equal for all inputs, then they essentially have the same impulse response, and they are virtually the same systems.



                          For instance, imagine you have an input sine at frequency $f$. If both systems cut frequency above $f-epsilon$, both have the same behavior for that signal, but they can be two different low-pass systems, more signals are needed to distinguish them.






                          share|improve this answer






















                            up vote
                            0
                            down vote










                            up vote
                            0
                            down vote









                            If two different systems provide the same outputs for some input signals, this means they share some properties. But if their outputs are equal for all inputs, then they essentially have the same impulse response, and they are virtually the same systems.



                            For instance, imagine you have an input sine at frequency $f$. If both systems cut frequency above $f-epsilon$, both have the same behavior for that signal, but they can be two different low-pass systems, more signals are needed to distinguish them.






                            share|improve this answer












                            If two different systems provide the same outputs for some input signals, this means they share some properties. But if their outputs are equal for all inputs, then they essentially have the same impulse response, and they are virtually the same systems.



                            For instance, imagine you have an input sine at frequency $f$. If both systems cut frequency above $f-epsilon$, both have the same behavior for that signal, but they can be two different low-pass systems, more signals are needed to distinguish them.







                            share|improve this answer












                            share|improve this answer



                            share|improve this answer










                            answered 2 hours ago









                            Laurent Duval

                            15.6k32057




                            15.6k32057




















                                up vote
                                0
                                down vote













                                You are right. It's completely absurd to think that the impulse response of an LTI system can be replaced by the input signal and vice versa and yet they produce the same result.



                                As an example, consider a lowpass filter with IIR impulse response $h[n]$ which is fed by the samples of speech waveform $x[n]$ to produce a lowpass filtered verison of the speech. Yet interchanging the roles of input speech and LTI system impulse resoponse $h[n]$ renders into an absurdity in a practical setting.



                                Yet that's mathematically the case. And you can even find example application that can take benefit of such an interchange. A mathematical explanation is given in Matt's answer.






                                share|improve this answer
























                                  up vote
                                  0
                                  down vote













                                  You are right. It's completely absurd to think that the impulse response of an LTI system can be replaced by the input signal and vice versa and yet they produce the same result.



                                  As an example, consider a lowpass filter with IIR impulse response $h[n]$ which is fed by the samples of speech waveform $x[n]$ to produce a lowpass filtered verison of the speech. Yet interchanging the roles of input speech and LTI system impulse resoponse $h[n]$ renders into an absurdity in a practical setting.



                                  Yet that's mathematically the case. And you can even find example application that can take benefit of such an interchange. A mathematical explanation is given in Matt's answer.






                                  share|improve this answer






















                                    up vote
                                    0
                                    down vote










                                    up vote
                                    0
                                    down vote









                                    You are right. It's completely absurd to think that the impulse response of an LTI system can be replaced by the input signal and vice versa and yet they produce the same result.



                                    As an example, consider a lowpass filter with IIR impulse response $h[n]$ which is fed by the samples of speech waveform $x[n]$ to produce a lowpass filtered verison of the speech. Yet interchanging the roles of input speech and LTI system impulse resoponse $h[n]$ renders into an absurdity in a practical setting.



                                    Yet that's mathematically the case. And you can even find example application that can take benefit of such an interchange. A mathematical explanation is given in Matt's answer.






                                    share|improve this answer












                                    You are right. It's completely absurd to think that the impulse response of an LTI system can be replaced by the input signal and vice versa and yet they produce the same result.



                                    As an example, consider a lowpass filter with IIR impulse response $h[n]$ which is fed by the samples of speech waveform $x[n]$ to produce a lowpass filtered verison of the speech. Yet interchanging the roles of input speech and LTI system impulse resoponse $h[n]$ renders into an absurdity in a practical setting.



                                    Yet that's mathematically the case. And you can even find example application that can take benefit of such an interchange. A mathematical explanation is given in Matt's answer.







                                    share|improve this answer












                                    share|improve this answer



                                    share|improve this answer










                                    answered 1 hour ago









                                    Fat32

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                                    13.1k31127




















                                        NightRain23 is a new contributor. Be nice, and check out our Code of Conduct.









                                         

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