Arduino std::map returning random values

The name of the pictureThe name of the pictureThe name of the pictureClash Royale CLAN TAG#URR8PPP











up vote
2
down vote

favorite












I'm working with an arduino UNO. I would like to be able to send it set and get commands over serial and have it update class data class members accordingly by key value pair. I spoke to users in the cpp room, and they suggested I try using map to map every key to value.



command structure
command:key:value



ex. set:key1:20
ex. get:key2



I created a class called Uno, assigned all my keys to private data members, and defined set and get functions. However, I am experiencing unintended behavior.



Unintended behavior
The set function ends up setting key1 and key2 to the same value, and the get function returns a random integer value that wasn't assigned. 



 #include <ArduinoSTL.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <map>

class Uno
 //private
 int key1;
 int key2;
 std::map<String, int Uno::*> keys;
 public:
 //Constructor
 Uno()
 key1 = 0;
 key2 = 0;
 keys["key1"] = &Uno::key1;
 keys["key2"] = &Uno::key2;
 
 bool setKey(String key, int value)
 if (keys.count(key)) 
 this->*keys[key] = value;
 return true;
 
 return false;
 
 int getKey(String key)
 if (keys.count(key)) 
 return this->*keys[key];
 
 
;


String inputString = ""; // a String to hold incoming data
bool stringComplete = false; // whether the string is complete
bool scan = false; // whether a scan is in progress
Uno myMS; // global declaration of Mass Spec Class

void setup() 
 // initialize serial:
 Serial.begin(9600);
 // reserve 250 bytes for the inputString:
 inputString.reserve(250);


void loop() 
 if (stringComplete) 
 t(inputString); // tokenize and process string

 //RESET STRING
 inputString = "";
 stringComplete = false;
 



void serialEvent() 
 while (Serial.available()) 
 // get the new byte:
 char inChar = (char)Serial.read();
 // add it to the inputString:
 inputString += inChar;
 // if the incoming character is a newline, set a flag so the main loop can
 // do something about it:
 if (inChar == 'n') 
 stringComplete = true;
 
 




void t(String inputString) 
 //get command
 String command = getValue(inputString, ':', 0);

 if(command == "set")
 // get key, get value
 String key = getValue(inputString, ':', 1);
 int value = (getValue(inputString, ':', 2)).toInt();
 Serial.println(myMS.setKey(key,value));
 
 else if(command == "get")
 String key = getValue(inputString, ':', 1);
 int value = myMS.getKey(key);
 Serial.println(value);
 
 else if(command == "stop")
 scan = false; 
 
 else if(command == "scan")
 scan = true;
 while(scan)
// Serial.println(myMS.scan());
 
 
 else
 Serial.println("not recognized");
 



String getValue(String data, char separator, int index)

 int found = 0;
 int strIndex = 0, -1;
 int maxIndex = data.length()-1;

 for(int i=0; i<=maxIndex && found<=index; i++) i==maxIndex)
 found++;
 strIndex[0] = strIndex[1]+1;
 strIndex[1] = (i == maxIndex) ? i+1 : i;
 
 
 return found>index ? data.substring(strIndex[0], strIndex[1]) : "";



EDIT: Here is a REPL IT working demo of concept provided by nwp.
https://repl.it/repls/AntiqueProductiveMineral



Sample output



set:key1:10 ===> 1 (GOOD)
get:key1 ===> 32512





c++ map







share|improve this question









New contributor




ex080 is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.



















  • why do you think that this is an Arduino question? ... it appears to be a C/C++ question
    – jsotola
    3 hours ago






  • 1




    @jsotola It is an arduino question, because I am running the code on the arduino using the arduino String type. I am also using Serial on the arduino. I'm open to other arduino methods for storing key value pairs.
    – ex080
    3 hours ago











  • the 32512 is the return value of getKey if it didn't found the key
    – Juraj
    1 hour ago










  • Ok, but that is confusing because I am using the same method to set. I know the set function is working correctly, because if I do Serial.println(key1); from inside the class it prints the correct value.
    – ex080
    1 hour ago














up vote
2
down vote

favorite












I'm working with an arduino UNO. I would like to be able to send it set and get commands over serial and have it update class data class members accordingly by key value pair. I spoke to users in the cpp room, and they suggested I try using map to map every key to value.



command structure
command:key:value



ex. set:key1:20
ex. get:key2



I created a class called Uno, assigned all my keys to private data members, and defined set and get functions. However, I am experiencing unintended behavior.



Unintended behavior
The set function ends up setting key1 and key2 to the same value, and the get function returns a random integer value that wasn't assigned. 



 #include <ArduinoSTL.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <map>

class Uno
 //private
 int key1;
 int key2;
 std::map<String, int Uno::*> keys;
 public:
 //Constructor
 Uno()
 key1 = 0;
 key2 = 0;
 keys["key1"] = &Uno::key1;
 keys["key2"] = &Uno::key2;
 
 bool setKey(String key, int value)
 if (keys.count(key)) 
 this->*keys[key] = value;
 return true;
 
 return false;
 
 int getKey(String key)
 if (keys.count(key)) 
 return this->*keys[key];
 
 
;


String inputString = ""; // a String to hold incoming data
bool stringComplete = false; // whether the string is complete
bool scan = false; // whether a scan is in progress
Uno myMS; // global declaration of Mass Spec Class

void setup() 
 // initialize serial:
 Serial.begin(9600);
 // reserve 250 bytes for the inputString:
 inputString.reserve(250);


void loop() 
 if (stringComplete) 
 t(inputString); // tokenize and process string

 //RESET STRING
 inputString = "";
 stringComplete = false;
 



void serialEvent() 
 while (Serial.available()) 
 // get the new byte:
 char inChar = (char)Serial.read();
 // add it to the inputString:
 inputString += inChar;
 // if the incoming character is a newline, set a flag so the main loop can
 // do something about it:
 if (inChar == 'n') 
 stringComplete = true;
 
 




void t(String inputString) 
 //get command
 String command = getValue(inputString, ':', 0);

 if(command == "set")
 // get key, get value
 String key = getValue(inputString, ':', 1);
 int value = (getValue(inputString, ':', 2)).toInt();
 Serial.println(myMS.setKey(key,value));
 
 else if(command == "get")
 String key = getValue(inputString, ':', 1);
 int value = myMS.getKey(key);
 Serial.println(value);
 
 else if(command == "stop")
 scan = false; 
 
 else if(command == "scan")
 scan = true;
 while(scan)
// Serial.println(myMS.scan());
 
 
 else
 Serial.println("not recognized");
 



String getValue(String data, char separator, int index)

 int found = 0;
 int strIndex = 0, -1;
 int maxIndex = data.length()-1;

 for(int i=0; i<=maxIndex && found<=index; i++) i==maxIndex)
 found++;
 strIndex[0] = strIndex[1]+1;
 strIndex[1] = (i == maxIndex) ? i+1 : i;
 
 
 return found>index ? data.substring(strIndex[0], strIndex[1]) : "";



EDIT: Here is a REPL IT working demo of concept provided by nwp.
https://repl.it/repls/AntiqueProductiveMineral



Sample output



set:key1:10 ===> 1 (GOOD)
get:key1 ===> 32512





c++ map







share|improve this question









New contributor




ex080 is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.



















  • why do you think that this is an Arduino question? ... it appears to be a C/C++ question
    – jsotola
    3 hours ago






  • 1




    @jsotola It is an arduino question, because I am running the code on the arduino using the arduino String type. I am also using Serial on the arduino. I'm open to other arduino methods for storing key value pairs.
    – ex080
    3 hours ago











  • the 32512 is the return value of getKey if it didn't found the key
    – Juraj
    1 hour ago










  • Ok, but that is confusing because I am using the same method to set. I know the set function is working correctly, because if I do Serial.println(key1); from inside the class it prints the correct value.
    – ex080
    1 hour ago












up vote
2
down vote

favorite









up vote
2
down vote

favorite











I'm working with an arduino UNO. I would like to be able to send it set and get commands over serial and have it update class data class members accordingly by key value pair. I spoke to users in the cpp room, and they suggested I try using map to map every key to value.



command structure
command:key:value



ex. set:key1:20
ex. get:key2



I created a class called Uno, assigned all my keys to private data members, and defined set and get functions. However, I am experiencing unintended behavior.



Unintended behavior
The set function ends up setting key1 and key2 to the same value, and the get function returns a random integer value that wasn't assigned. 



 #include <ArduinoSTL.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <map>

class Uno
 //private
 int key1;
 int key2;
 std::map<String, int Uno::*> keys;
 public:
 //Constructor
 Uno()
 key1 = 0;
 key2 = 0;
 keys["key1"] = &Uno::key1;
 keys["key2"] = &Uno::key2;
 
 bool setKey(String key, int value)
 if (keys.count(key)) 
 this->*keys[key] = value;
 return true;
 
 return false;
 
 int getKey(String key)
 if (keys.count(key)) 
 return this->*keys[key];
 
 
;


String inputString = ""; // a String to hold incoming data
bool stringComplete = false; // whether the string is complete
bool scan = false; // whether a scan is in progress
Uno myMS; // global declaration of Mass Spec Class

void setup() 
 // initialize serial:
 Serial.begin(9600);
 // reserve 250 bytes for the inputString:
 inputString.reserve(250);


void loop() 
 if (stringComplete) 
 t(inputString); // tokenize and process string

 //RESET STRING
 inputString = "";
 stringComplete = false;
 



void serialEvent() 
 while (Serial.available()) 
 // get the new byte:
 char inChar = (char)Serial.read();
 // add it to the inputString:
 inputString += inChar;
 // if the incoming character is a newline, set a flag so the main loop can
 // do something about it:
 if (inChar == 'n') 
 stringComplete = true;
 
 




void t(String inputString) 
 //get command
 String command = getValue(inputString, ':', 0);

 if(command == "set")
 // get key, get value
 String key = getValue(inputString, ':', 1);
 int value = (getValue(inputString, ':', 2)).toInt();
 Serial.println(myMS.setKey(key,value));
 
 else if(command == "get")
 String key = getValue(inputString, ':', 1);
 int value = myMS.getKey(key);
 Serial.println(value);
 
 else if(command == "stop")
 scan = false; 
 
 else if(command == "scan")
 scan = true;
 while(scan)
// Serial.println(myMS.scan());
 
 
 else
 Serial.println("not recognized");
 



String getValue(String data, char separator, int index)

 int found = 0;
 int strIndex = 0, -1;
 int maxIndex = data.length()-1;

 for(int i=0; i<=maxIndex && found<=index; i++) i==maxIndex)
 found++;
 strIndex[0] = strIndex[1]+1;
 strIndex[1] = (i == maxIndex) ? i+1 : i;
 
 
 return found>index ? data.substring(strIndex[0], strIndex[1]) : "";



EDIT: Here is a REPL IT working demo of concept provided by nwp.
https://repl.it/repls/AntiqueProductiveMineral



Sample output



set:key1:10 ===> 1 (GOOD)
get:key1 ===> 32512





c++ map







share|improve this question









New contributor




ex080 is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.











I'm working with an arduino UNO. I would like to be able to send it set and get commands over serial and have it update class data class members accordingly by key value pair. I spoke to users in the cpp room, and they suggested I try using map to map every key to value.



command structure
command:key:value



ex. set:key1:20
ex. get:key2



I created a class called Uno, assigned all my keys to private data members, and defined set and get functions. However, I am experiencing unintended behavior.



Unintended behavior
The set function ends up setting key1 and key2 to the same value, and the get function returns a random integer value that wasn't assigned. 



 #include <ArduinoSTL.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <map>

class Uno
 //private
 int key1;
 int key2;
 std::map<String, int Uno::*> keys;
 public:
 //Constructor
 Uno()
 key1 = 0;
 key2 = 0;
 keys["key1"] = &Uno::key1;
 keys["key2"] = &Uno::key2;
 
 bool setKey(String key, int value)
 if (keys.count(key)) 
 this->*keys[key] = value;
 return true;
 
 return false;
 
 int getKey(String key)
 if (keys.count(key)) 
 return this->*keys[key];
 
 
;


String inputString = ""; // a String to hold incoming data
bool stringComplete = false; // whether the string is complete
bool scan = false; // whether a scan is in progress
Uno myMS; // global declaration of Mass Spec Class

void setup() 
 // initialize serial:
 Serial.begin(9600);
 // reserve 250 bytes for the inputString:
 inputString.reserve(250);


void loop() 
 if (stringComplete) 
 t(inputString); // tokenize and process string

 //RESET STRING
 inputString = "";
 stringComplete = false;
 



void serialEvent() 
 while (Serial.available()) 
 // get the new byte:
 char inChar = (char)Serial.read();
 // add it to the inputString:
 inputString += inChar;
 // if the incoming character is a newline, set a flag so the main loop can
 // do something about it:
 if (inChar == 'n') 
 stringComplete = true;
 
 




void t(String inputString) 
 //get command
 String command = getValue(inputString, ':', 0);

 if(command == "set")
 // get key, get value
 String key = getValue(inputString, ':', 1);
 int value = (getValue(inputString, ':', 2)).toInt();
 Serial.println(myMS.setKey(key,value));
 
 else if(command == "get")
 String key = getValue(inputString, ':', 1);
 int value = myMS.getKey(key);
 Serial.println(value);
 
 else if(command == "stop")
 scan = false; 
 
 else if(command == "scan")
 scan = true;
 while(scan)
// Serial.println(myMS.scan());
 
 
 else
 Serial.println("not recognized");
 



String getValue(String data, char separator, int index)

 int found = 0;
 int strIndex = 0, -1;
 int maxIndex = data.length()-1;

 for(int i=0; i<=maxIndex && found<=index; i++) i==maxIndex)
 found++;
 strIndex[0] = strIndex[1]+1;
 strIndex[1] = (i == maxIndex) ? i+1 : i;
 
 
 return found>index ? data.substring(strIndex[0], strIndex[1]) : "";



EDIT: Here is a REPL IT working demo of concept provided by nwp.
https://repl.it/repls/AntiqueProductiveMineral



Sample output



set:key1:10 ===> 1 (GOOD)
get:key1 ===> 32512





c++ map




c++ map






share|improve this question









New contributor




ex080 is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.











share|improve this question









New contributor




ex080 is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.









share|improve this question




share|improve this question








edited 4 hours ago





















New contributor




ex080 is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.









asked 4 hours ago









ex080

112




112




New contributor




ex080 is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.





New contributor





ex080 is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.






ex080 is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.











  • why do you think that this is an Arduino question? ... it appears to be a C/C++ question
    – jsotola
    3 hours ago






  • 1




    @jsotola It is an arduino question, because I am running the code on the arduino using the arduino String type. I am also using Serial on the arduino. I'm open to other arduino methods for storing key value pairs.
    – ex080
    3 hours ago











  • the 32512 is the return value of getKey if it didn't found the key
    – Juraj
    1 hour ago










  • Ok, but that is confusing because I am using the same method to set. I know the set function is working correctly, because if I do Serial.println(key1); from inside the class it prints the correct value.
    – ex080
    1 hour ago
















  • why do you think that this is an Arduino question? ... it appears to be a C/C++ question
    – jsotola
    3 hours ago






  • 1




    @jsotola It is an arduino question, because I am running the code on the arduino using the arduino String type. I am also using Serial on the arduino. I'm open to other arduino methods for storing key value pairs.
    – ex080
    3 hours ago











  • the 32512 is the return value of getKey if it didn't found the key
    – Juraj
    1 hour ago










  • Ok, but that is confusing because I am using the same method to set. I know the set function is working correctly, because if I do Serial.println(key1); from inside the class it prints the correct value.
    – ex080
    1 hour ago















why do you think that this is an Arduino question? ... it appears to be a C/C++ question
– jsotola
3 hours ago




why do you think that this is an Arduino question? ... it appears to be a C/C++ question
– jsotola
3 hours ago




1




1




@jsotola It is an arduino question, because I am running the code on the arduino using the arduino String type. I am also using Serial on the arduino. I'm open to other arduino methods for storing key value pairs.
– ex080
3 hours ago





@jsotola It is an arduino question, because I am running the code on the arduino using the arduino String type. I am also using Serial on the arduino. I'm open to other arduino methods for storing key value pairs.
– ex080
3 hours ago













the 32512 is the return value of getKey if it didn't found the key
– Juraj
1 hour ago




the 32512 is the return value of getKey if it didn't found the key
– Juraj
1 hour ago












Ok, but that is confusing because I am using the same method to set. I know the set function is working correctly, because if I do Serial.println(key1); from inside the class it prints the correct value.
– ex080
1 hour ago




Ok, but that is confusing because I am using the same method to set. I know the set function is working correctly, because if I do Serial.println(key1); from inside the class it prints the correct value.
– ex080
1 hour ago










1 Answer
1






active

oldest

votes

















up vote
3
down vote













You set CR/LF in Serial Monitor and you test n as end of line in code. and/or you attach the n char to the end of key. The rn or n is parsed/attached to key. The key for get is the "key1rn" or "key1r"



void serialEvent() 
 while (Serial.available()) 
 // get the new byte:
 char inChar = (char)Serial.read();
 if (inChar == 'n') 
 stringComplete = true;
 else 
 inputString += inChar;



there are obsolete things in your code, like the this->* or Uno::






share|improve this answer






















  • I have Newline only and it's not working anyways
    – KIIV
    30 mins ago










  • change the serialEvent to not to attach the n to the string
    – Juraj
    29 mins ago










  • Right, he's not skipping it in that parser :D
    – KIIV
    23 mins ago










Your Answer





StackExchange.ifUsing("editor", function ()
return StackExchange.using("schematics", function ()
StackExchange.schematics.init();
);
, "cicuitlab");

StackExchange.ready(function()
var channelOptions =
tags: "".split(" "),
id: "540"
;
initTagRenderer("".split(" "), "".split(" "), channelOptions);

StackExchange.using("externalEditor", function()
// Have to fire editor after snippets, if snippets enabled
if (StackExchange.settings.snippets.snippetsEnabled)
StackExchange.using("snippets", function()
createEditor();
);

else
createEditor();

);

function createEditor()
StackExchange.prepareEditor(
heartbeatType: 'answer',
convertImagesToLinks: false,
noModals: false,
showLowRepImageUploadWarning: true,
reputationToPostImages: null,
bindNavPrevention: true,
postfix: "",
onDemand: true,
discardSelector: ".discard-answer"
,immediatelyShowMarkdownHelp:true
);



);






ex080 is a new contributor. Be nice, and check out our Code of Conduct.









 

draft saved


draft discarded


















StackExchange.ready(
function ()
StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2farduino.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f56400%2farduino-stdmap-returning-random-values%23new-answer', 'question_page');

);

Post as a guest

















1 Answer
1






active

oldest

votes








1 Answer
1






active

oldest

votes









active

oldest

votes






active

oldest

votes








up vote
3
down vote













You set CR/LF in Serial Monitor and you test n as end of line in code. and/or you attach the n char to the end of key. The rn or n is parsed/attached to key. The key for get is the "key1rn" or "key1r"



void serialEvent() 
 while (Serial.available()) 
 // get the new byte:
 char inChar = (char)Serial.read();
 if (inChar == 'n') 
 stringComplete = true;
 else 
 inputString += inChar;



there are obsolete things in your code, like the this->* or Uno::






share|improve this answer






















  • I have Newline only and it's not working anyways
    – KIIV
    30 mins ago










  • change the serialEvent to not to attach the n to the string
    – Juraj
    29 mins ago










  • Right, he's not skipping it in that parser :D
    – KIIV
    23 mins ago














up vote
3
down vote













You set CR/LF in Serial Monitor and you test n as end of line in code. and/or you attach the n char to the end of key. The rn or n is parsed/attached to key. The key for get is the "key1rn" or "key1r"



void serialEvent() 
 while (Serial.available()) 
 // get the new byte:
 char inChar = (char)Serial.read();
 if (inChar == 'n') 
 stringComplete = true;
 else 
 inputString += inChar;



there are obsolete things in your code, like the this->* or Uno::






share|improve this answer






















  • I have Newline only and it's not working anyways
    – KIIV
    30 mins ago










  • change the serialEvent to not to attach the n to the string
    – Juraj
    29 mins ago










  • Right, he's not skipping it in that parser :D
    – KIIV
    23 mins ago












up vote
3
down vote










up vote
3
down vote









You set CR/LF in Serial Monitor and you test n as end of line in code. and/or you attach the n char to the end of key. The rn or n is parsed/attached to key. The key for get is the "key1rn" or "key1r"



void serialEvent() 
 while (Serial.available()) 
 // get the new byte:
 char inChar = (char)Serial.read();
 if (inChar == 'n') 
 stringComplete = true;
 else 
 inputString += inChar;



there are obsolete things in your code, like the this->* or Uno::






share|improve this answer














You set CR/LF in Serial Monitor and you test n as end of line in code. and/or you attach the n char to the end of key. The rn or n is parsed/attached to key. The key for get is the "key1rn" or "key1r"



void serialEvent() 
 while (Serial.available()) 
 // get the new byte:
 char inChar = (char)Serial.read();
 if (inChar == 'n') 
 stringComplete = true;
 else 
 inputString += inChar;



there are obsolete things in your code, like the this->* or Uno::







share|improve this answer














share|improve this answer



share|improve this answer








edited 23 mins ago

























answered 38 mins ago









Juraj

3,8842517




3,8842517











  • I have Newline only and it's not working anyways
    – KIIV
    30 mins ago










  • change the serialEvent to not to attach the n to the string
    – Juraj
    29 mins ago










  • Right, he's not skipping it in that parser :D
    – KIIV
    23 mins ago
















  • I have Newline only and it's not working anyways
    – KIIV
    30 mins ago










  • change the serialEvent to not to attach the n to the string
    – Juraj
    29 mins ago










  • Right, he's not skipping it in that parser :D
    – KIIV
    23 mins ago















I have Newline only and it's not working anyways
– KIIV
30 mins ago




I have Newline only and it's not working anyways
– KIIV
30 mins ago












change the serialEvent to not to attach the n to the string
– Juraj
29 mins ago




change the serialEvent to not to attach the n to the string
– Juraj
29 mins ago












Right, he's not skipping it in that parser :D
– KIIV
23 mins ago




Right, he's not skipping it in that parser :D
– KIIV
23 mins ago










ex080 is a new contributor. Be nice, and check out our Code of Conduct.









 

draft saved


draft discarded


















ex080 is a new contributor. Be nice, and check out our Code of Conduct.












ex080 is a new contributor. Be nice, and check out our Code of Conduct.











ex080 is a new contributor. Be nice, and check out our Code of Conduct.













 


draft saved


draft discarded














StackExchange.ready(
function ()
StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2farduino.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f56400%2farduino-stdmap-returning-random-values%23new-answer', 'question_page');

);

Post as a guest
































































Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Long meetings (6-7 hours a day): Being “babysat” by supervisor

Image
Clash Royale CLAN TAG #URR8PPP .everyoneloves__top-leaderboard:empty,.everyoneloves__mid-leaderboard:empty margin-bottom:0; up vote 31 down vote favorite 4 I hold a PhD in mechanical engineering with a 7 year background in self-guided, self-paced research including 2 years as a graduate level course instructor and a subject matter expert for various engineering projects in a university setting in the United States. For the last 10-11 months, I am working in a research industry in France where my task is to debug C++ spaghetti code written over a period of several years by my current supervisor. It is a team of 2: just I and my supervisor. Diurnally, I am posed with a "bug of the day" to get out of this C++ code. My supervisor generally gives me about 15-30 minutes to solve it and then accosts me about whether or not the task is completed and then rinses and repeats this until the end of the day. Off-late, my supervisor has been holding 6-7 hour long "meetin
Read more

Is the Concept of Multiple Fantasy Races Scientifically Flawed? [closed]

Image
Clash Royale CLAN TAG #URR8PPP up vote 2 down vote favorite Many fantasy worlds have multiple humanoid species (elves, orcs, humans, etc) living in the same world, in addition to that, they often have the ability to interbreed. And I can't help but question their believability... fantasy-races reproduction interspecies-relations share | improve this question edited Aug 9 at 14:46 Michael Kjörling ♦ 21.1k 10 85 161 asked Aug 9 at 13:13 Chlodio 118 6 closed as unclear what you're asking by MichaelK, Gryphon, John, Vincent, Frostfyre Aug 9 at 15:25 Please clarify your specific problem or add additional details to highlight exactly what you need. As it's currently written, it’s hard to tell exactly what you're asking. See the How to Ask page for help clarifying this question. If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question. 3 Stack Exchange exist to
Read more

Confectionery

Image
Prepared foods made with a lot of sugar or other cabohydrates "Sweetmeat" redirects here. For the racehorse, see Sweetmeat (horse). Not to be confused with Sweetbread. This Kransekake is a traditional Scandinavian baker's confection. Confectionery is the art of making confections , which are food items that are rich in sugar and carbohydrates. Exact definitions are difficult. [1] In general, though, confectionery is divided into two broad and somewhat overlapping categories, bakers' confections and sugar confections. [2] Bakers' confectionery, also called flour confections , includes principally sweet pastries, cakes, and similar baked goods. Sugar confectionery includes candies ( sweets in British English), candied nuts, chocolates, chewing gum, bubble gum, pastillage, and other confections that are made primarily of sugar. In some cases, chocolate confections (confections made of chocolate) are treated as a separate category, as are sugar-free versions of
Read more