Wall of fire: What's a 'solid surface'?

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Wall of fire has to be cast on a solid surface. What's a solid surface? Can it be the back of a dragon? Dragon scales are pretty solid..



If the solid surface disappears (ice melts away, roof collapses) does the spell then fail or stay where it was cast for the duration?










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  • Welcome to the stack. Nice question and example!
    – Grosscol
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up vote
9
down vote

favorite












Wall of fire has to be cast on a solid surface. What's a solid surface? Can it be the back of a dragon? Dragon scales are pretty solid..



If the solid surface disappears (ice melts away, roof collapses) does the spell then fail or stay where it was cast for the duration?










share|improve this question









New contributor




wade schriner is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.



















  • Welcome to the stack. Nice question and example!
    – Grosscol
    1 hour ago












up vote
9
down vote

favorite









up vote
9
down vote

favorite











Wall of fire has to be cast on a solid surface. What's a solid surface? Can it be the back of a dragon? Dragon scales are pretty solid..



If the solid surface disappears (ice melts away, roof collapses) does the spell then fail or stay where it was cast for the duration?










share|improve this question









New contributor




wade schriner is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.











Wall of fire has to be cast on a solid surface. What's a solid surface? Can it be the back of a dragon? Dragon scales are pretty solid..



If the solid surface disappears (ice melts away, roof collapses) does the spell then fail or stay where it was cast for the duration?







dnd-5e spells wall






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wade schriner is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.











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edited 4 hours ago









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wade schriner is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.






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Check out our Code of Conduct.











  • Welcome to the stack. Nice question and example!
    – Grosscol
    1 hour ago
















  • Welcome to the stack. Nice question and example!
    – Grosscol
    1 hour ago















Welcome to the stack. Nice question and example!
– Grosscol
1 hour ago




Welcome to the stack. Nice question and example!
– Grosscol
1 hour ago










2 Answers
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active

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3
down vote













The rules are weirdly slippery on what a "solid surface" is.



Note that several "Wall of X" spells (ice, thorns, force) use similar language, as do monster attacks that create walls of stuff.



There are several cases of rules text using "solid surface" and "creature" as if they're distinct, which would imply that the surface can't be part of a creature. What makes it less clear is that the effect is usually the same either way, so "creature or solid surface" could just be inclusive language.



For example, the Otyugh can bash creatures "into each other or a solid surface", for the same amount of damage.



The catapult spell hurls an object in a straight line, "stopping early if it impacts against a solid surface." But if it would hit a creature, and the creature fails its Dex save, "the object strikes the target and stops moving."



You can break a Staff of the Magi "over your knee or against a solid surface"; the effect is the same, including the damage that you take for being in the center of the blast.



Melf's minute meteors is a tricky case. The meteor can be directed at a point you choose; it explodes when it "reaches its destination or impacts against a solid surface". This has a small functional effect: the meteors otherwise don't respect cover, so if a creature doesn't count as a "solid surface" then hiding under a big creature won't protect you from meteors coming down from above. Common sense says that it should protect you, so I lean toward "solid surface" being inclusive of creatures in this case.



So how do you rule on this?



One additional issue for the Wall spells is that "solid" implies that the surface isn't going to change shape during the duration of the spell. This matters mostly for Ice and Thorns, because they're rigid. If you cast a Wall of Ice on the back of a dragon, can the dragon shake it off? Does the wall flex as the dragon moves or does it splint the dragon in place? What happens if it tries to fly?



Another is that some of the walls do damage; if you allow a Wall of Fire to stick to a creature then that's 5d8 fire damage per turn, no save, for 10 turns.



Allowing walls to be used this way would introduce a lot of complexity that you might or might not want to deal with.






share|improve this answer






















  • Your last advice may be problematic for large mobile structures... cloud castles of the Cloud Giants and Silver Dragons or large seafaring ships as an example. The definition of "structure" is also left purposely vague in the DMG.
    – Slagmoth
    49 mins ago










  • It's not a problem for the surface to move rigidly like a ship's deck; it's only an issue if it changes shape underneath the wall. Edited to be more precise.
    – Mark Wells
    33 mins ago

















up vote
1
down vote













Vernacular Definition of Solid



Lacking a specific definition of a term in the rules, default to common language. The OED definition of solid:




Firm and stable in shape; not liquid or fluid.
‘the stream was frozen solid’




Consider how this affects the game play in two ways: by basic procedure, and for solid surface disappearing.



Default to Basic Procedure



The English definition of 'solid" implies a certain amount of rigidity as well. Further discussion of the terms will spiral into the semantics and debates of precise meaning, but we can short circuit that with the basic rules D&D procedure for adventuring:




  1. The DM describes the environment.

  2. The players describe what they want to do.

  3. The DM narrates the results of their actions.



This is especially the case where the rule are defaulting the ambiguities of plain English. E.g. the effect of casting a wall of fire targeting the surface of a dragon's back is dictated by the interpretation of solid surface by the DM.



Xanathar's Guide to Everything Optional Rule for Invalid Targets



In the event the GM rules that the chosen surface does not count as a solid surface for the purposes of the spell, XGtE has a spellcasting section that offers optional guidance about ruling on casting spells at invalid targets.




If you cast a spell on someone or something that can't be affected by the spell, nothing happens to that target, but if you used a spell slot to cast the spell, the slot is still expended.




Solid Surface Disappears (Target Becomes Invalid)



For less ambiguous cases, e.g. ice melting, Jeremy Crawford offered a clarifying tweet. When the target of a spell (e.g. an ice bridge) no longer becomes a valid target (because it melted), the spell effecting it is suppressed. So the wall of flame is gone until the target becomes valid again or the duration runs out.






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    2 Answers
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    2 Answers
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    up vote
    3
    down vote













    The rules are weirdly slippery on what a "solid surface" is.



    Note that several "Wall of X" spells (ice, thorns, force) use similar language, as do monster attacks that create walls of stuff.



    There are several cases of rules text using "solid surface" and "creature" as if they're distinct, which would imply that the surface can't be part of a creature. What makes it less clear is that the effect is usually the same either way, so "creature or solid surface" could just be inclusive language.



    For example, the Otyugh can bash creatures "into each other or a solid surface", for the same amount of damage.



    The catapult spell hurls an object in a straight line, "stopping early if it impacts against a solid surface." But if it would hit a creature, and the creature fails its Dex save, "the object strikes the target and stops moving."



    You can break a Staff of the Magi "over your knee or against a solid surface"; the effect is the same, including the damage that you take for being in the center of the blast.



    Melf's minute meteors is a tricky case. The meteor can be directed at a point you choose; it explodes when it "reaches its destination or impacts against a solid surface". This has a small functional effect: the meteors otherwise don't respect cover, so if a creature doesn't count as a "solid surface" then hiding under a big creature won't protect you from meteors coming down from above. Common sense says that it should protect you, so I lean toward "solid surface" being inclusive of creatures in this case.



    So how do you rule on this?



    One additional issue for the Wall spells is that "solid" implies that the surface isn't going to change shape during the duration of the spell. This matters mostly for Ice and Thorns, because they're rigid. If you cast a Wall of Ice on the back of a dragon, can the dragon shake it off? Does the wall flex as the dragon moves or does it splint the dragon in place? What happens if it tries to fly?



    Another is that some of the walls do damage; if you allow a Wall of Fire to stick to a creature then that's 5d8 fire damage per turn, no save, for 10 turns.



    Allowing walls to be used this way would introduce a lot of complexity that you might or might not want to deal with.






    share|improve this answer






















    • Your last advice may be problematic for large mobile structures... cloud castles of the Cloud Giants and Silver Dragons or large seafaring ships as an example. The definition of "structure" is also left purposely vague in the DMG.
      – Slagmoth
      49 mins ago










    • It's not a problem for the surface to move rigidly like a ship's deck; it's only an issue if it changes shape underneath the wall. Edited to be more precise.
      – Mark Wells
      33 mins ago














    up vote
    3
    down vote













    The rules are weirdly slippery on what a "solid surface" is.



    Note that several "Wall of X" spells (ice, thorns, force) use similar language, as do monster attacks that create walls of stuff.



    There are several cases of rules text using "solid surface" and "creature" as if they're distinct, which would imply that the surface can't be part of a creature. What makes it less clear is that the effect is usually the same either way, so "creature or solid surface" could just be inclusive language.



    For example, the Otyugh can bash creatures "into each other or a solid surface", for the same amount of damage.



    The catapult spell hurls an object in a straight line, "stopping early if it impacts against a solid surface." But if it would hit a creature, and the creature fails its Dex save, "the object strikes the target and stops moving."



    You can break a Staff of the Magi "over your knee or against a solid surface"; the effect is the same, including the damage that you take for being in the center of the blast.



    Melf's minute meteors is a tricky case. The meteor can be directed at a point you choose; it explodes when it "reaches its destination or impacts against a solid surface". This has a small functional effect: the meteors otherwise don't respect cover, so if a creature doesn't count as a "solid surface" then hiding under a big creature won't protect you from meteors coming down from above. Common sense says that it should protect you, so I lean toward "solid surface" being inclusive of creatures in this case.



    So how do you rule on this?



    One additional issue for the Wall spells is that "solid" implies that the surface isn't going to change shape during the duration of the spell. This matters mostly for Ice and Thorns, because they're rigid. If you cast a Wall of Ice on the back of a dragon, can the dragon shake it off? Does the wall flex as the dragon moves or does it splint the dragon in place? What happens if it tries to fly?



    Another is that some of the walls do damage; if you allow a Wall of Fire to stick to a creature then that's 5d8 fire damage per turn, no save, for 10 turns.



    Allowing walls to be used this way would introduce a lot of complexity that you might or might not want to deal with.






    share|improve this answer






















    • Your last advice may be problematic for large mobile structures... cloud castles of the Cloud Giants and Silver Dragons or large seafaring ships as an example. The definition of "structure" is also left purposely vague in the DMG.
      – Slagmoth
      49 mins ago










    • It's not a problem for the surface to move rigidly like a ship's deck; it's only an issue if it changes shape underneath the wall. Edited to be more precise.
      – Mark Wells
      33 mins ago












    up vote
    3
    down vote










    up vote
    3
    down vote









    The rules are weirdly slippery on what a "solid surface" is.



    Note that several "Wall of X" spells (ice, thorns, force) use similar language, as do monster attacks that create walls of stuff.



    There are several cases of rules text using "solid surface" and "creature" as if they're distinct, which would imply that the surface can't be part of a creature. What makes it less clear is that the effect is usually the same either way, so "creature or solid surface" could just be inclusive language.



    For example, the Otyugh can bash creatures "into each other or a solid surface", for the same amount of damage.



    The catapult spell hurls an object in a straight line, "stopping early if it impacts against a solid surface." But if it would hit a creature, and the creature fails its Dex save, "the object strikes the target and stops moving."



    You can break a Staff of the Magi "over your knee or against a solid surface"; the effect is the same, including the damage that you take for being in the center of the blast.



    Melf's minute meteors is a tricky case. The meteor can be directed at a point you choose; it explodes when it "reaches its destination or impacts against a solid surface". This has a small functional effect: the meteors otherwise don't respect cover, so if a creature doesn't count as a "solid surface" then hiding under a big creature won't protect you from meteors coming down from above. Common sense says that it should protect you, so I lean toward "solid surface" being inclusive of creatures in this case.



    So how do you rule on this?



    One additional issue for the Wall spells is that "solid" implies that the surface isn't going to change shape during the duration of the spell. This matters mostly for Ice and Thorns, because they're rigid. If you cast a Wall of Ice on the back of a dragon, can the dragon shake it off? Does the wall flex as the dragon moves or does it splint the dragon in place? What happens if it tries to fly?



    Another is that some of the walls do damage; if you allow a Wall of Fire to stick to a creature then that's 5d8 fire damage per turn, no save, for 10 turns.



    Allowing walls to be used this way would introduce a lot of complexity that you might or might not want to deal with.






    share|improve this answer














    The rules are weirdly slippery on what a "solid surface" is.



    Note that several "Wall of X" spells (ice, thorns, force) use similar language, as do monster attacks that create walls of stuff.



    There are several cases of rules text using "solid surface" and "creature" as if they're distinct, which would imply that the surface can't be part of a creature. What makes it less clear is that the effect is usually the same either way, so "creature or solid surface" could just be inclusive language.



    For example, the Otyugh can bash creatures "into each other or a solid surface", for the same amount of damage.



    The catapult spell hurls an object in a straight line, "stopping early if it impacts against a solid surface." But if it would hit a creature, and the creature fails its Dex save, "the object strikes the target and stops moving."



    You can break a Staff of the Magi "over your knee or against a solid surface"; the effect is the same, including the damage that you take for being in the center of the blast.



    Melf's minute meteors is a tricky case. The meteor can be directed at a point you choose; it explodes when it "reaches its destination or impacts against a solid surface". This has a small functional effect: the meteors otherwise don't respect cover, so if a creature doesn't count as a "solid surface" then hiding under a big creature won't protect you from meteors coming down from above. Common sense says that it should protect you, so I lean toward "solid surface" being inclusive of creatures in this case.



    So how do you rule on this?



    One additional issue for the Wall spells is that "solid" implies that the surface isn't going to change shape during the duration of the spell. This matters mostly for Ice and Thorns, because they're rigid. If you cast a Wall of Ice on the back of a dragon, can the dragon shake it off? Does the wall flex as the dragon moves or does it splint the dragon in place? What happens if it tries to fly?



    Another is that some of the walls do damage; if you allow a Wall of Fire to stick to a creature then that's 5d8 fire damage per turn, no save, for 10 turns.



    Allowing walls to be used this way would introduce a lot of complexity that you might or might not want to deal with.







    share|improve this answer














    share|improve this answer



    share|improve this answer








    edited 35 mins ago

























    answered 1 hour ago









    Mark Wells

    4,1511329




    4,1511329











    • Your last advice may be problematic for large mobile structures... cloud castles of the Cloud Giants and Silver Dragons or large seafaring ships as an example. The definition of "structure" is also left purposely vague in the DMG.
      – Slagmoth
      49 mins ago










    • It's not a problem for the surface to move rigidly like a ship's deck; it's only an issue if it changes shape underneath the wall. Edited to be more precise.
      – Mark Wells
      33 mins ago
















    • Your last advice may be problematic for large mobile structures... cloud castles of the Cloud Giants and Silver Dragons or large seafaring ships as an example. The definition of "structure" is also left purposely vague in the DMG.
      – Slagmoth
      49 mins ago










    • It's not a problem for the surface to move rigidly like a ship's deck; it's only an issue if it changes shape underneath the wall. Edited to be more precise.
      – Mark Wells
      33 mins ago















    Your last advice may be problematic for large mobile structures... cloud castles of the Cloud Giants and Silver Dragons or large seafaring ships as an example. The definition of "structure" is also left purposely vague in the DMG.
    – Slagmoth
    49 mins ago




    Your last advice may be problematic for large mobile structures... cloud castles of the Cloud Giants and Silver Dragons or large seafaring ships as an example. The definition of "structure" is also left purposely vague in the DMG.
    – Slagmoth
    49 mins ago












    It's not a problem for the surface to move rigidly like a ship's deck; it's only an issue if it changes shape underneath the wall. Edited to be more precise.
    – Mark Wells
    33 mins ago




    It's not a problem for the surface to move rigidly like a ship's deck; it's only an issue if it changes shape underneath the wall. Edited to be more precise.
    – Mark Wells
    33 mins ago












    up vote
    1
    down vote













    Vernacular Definition of Solid



    Lacking a specific definition of a term in the rules, default to common language. The OED definition of solid:




    Firm and stable in shape; not liquid or fluid.
    ‘the stream was frozen solid’




    Consider how this affects the game play in two ways: by basic procedure, and for solid surface disappearing.



    Default to Basic Procedure



    The English definition of 'solid" implies a certain amount of rigidity as well. Further discussion of the terms will spiral into the semantics and debates of precise meaning, but we can short circuit that with the basic rules D&D procedure for adventuring:




    1. The DM describes the environment.

    2. The players describe what they want to do.

    3. The DM narrates the results of their actions.



    This is especially the case where the rule are defaulting the ambiguities of plain English. E.g. the effect of casting a wall of fire targeting the surface of a dragon's back is dictated by the interpretation of solid surface by the DM.



    Xanathar's Guide to Everything Optional Rule for Invalid Targets



    In the event the GM rules that the chosen surface does not count as a solid surface for the purposes of the spell, XGtE has a spellcasting section that offers optional guidance about ruling on casting spells at invalid targets.




    If you cast a spell on someone or something that can't be affected by the spell, nothing happens to that target, but if you used a spell slot to cast the spell, the slot is still expended.




    Solid Surface Disappears (Target Becomes Invalid)



    For less ambiguous cases, e.g. ice melting, Jeremy Crawford offered a clarifying tweet. When the target of a spell (e.g. an ice bridge) no longer becomes a valid target (because it melted), the spell effecting it is suppressed. So the wall of flame is gone until the target becomes valid again or the duration runs out.






    share|improve this answer


























      up vote
      1
      down vote













      Vernacular Definition of Solid



      Lacking a specific definition of a term in the rules, default to common language. The OED definition of solid:




      Firm and stable in shape; not liquid or fluid.
      ‘the stream was frozen solid’




      Consider how this affects the game play in two ways: by basic procedure, and for solid surface disappearing.



      Default to Basic Procedure



      The English definition of 'solid" implies a certain amount of rigidity as well. Further discussion of the terms will spiral into the semantics and debates of precise meaning, but we can short circuit that with the basic rules D&D procedure for adventuring:




      1. The DM describes the environment.

      2. The players describe what they want to do.

      3. The DM narrates the results of their actions.



      This is especially the case where the rule are defaulting the ambiguities of plain English. E.g. the effect of casting a wall of fire targeting the surface of a dragon's back is dictated by the interpretation of solid surface by the DM.



      Xanathar's Guide to Everything Optional Rule for Invalid Targets



      In the event the GM rules that the chosen surface does not count as a solid surface for the purposes of the spell, XGtE has a spellcasting section that offers optional guidance about ruling on casting spells at invalid targets.




      If you cast a spell on someone or something that can't be affected by the spell, nothing happens to that target, but if you used a spell slot to cast the spell, the slot is still expended.




      Solid Surface Disappears (Target Becomes Invalid)



      For less ambiguous cases, e.g. ice melting, Jeremy Crawford offered a clarifying tweet. When the target of a spell (e.g. an ice bridge) no longer becomes a valid target (because it melted), the spell effecting it is suppressed. So the wall of flame is gone until the target becomes valid again or the duration runs out.






      share|improve this answer
























        up vote
        1
        down vote










        up vote
        1
        down vote









        Vernacular Definition of Solid



        Lacking a specific definition of a term in the rules, default to common language. The OED definition of solid:




        Firm and stable in shape; not liquid or fluid.
        ‘the stream was frozen solid’




        Consider how this affects the game play in two ways: by basic procedure, and for solid surface disappearing.



        Default to Basic Procedure



        The English definition of 'solid" implies a certain amount of rigidity as well. Further discussion of the terms will spiral into the semantics and debates of precise meaning, but we can short circuit that with the basic rules D&D procedure for adventuring:




        1. The DM describes the environment.

        2. The players describe what they want to do.

        3. The DM narrates the results of their actions.



        This is especially the case where the rule are defaulting the ambiguities of plain English. E.g. the effect of casting a wall of fire targeting the surface of a dragon's back is dictated by the interpretation of solid surface by the DM.



        Xanathar's Guide to Everything Optional Rule for Invalid Targets



        In the event the GM rules that the chosen surface does not count as a solid surface for the purposes of the spell, XGtE has a spellcasting section that offers optional guidance about ruling on casting spells at invalid targets.




        If you cast a spell on someone or something that can't be affected by the spell, nothing happens to that target, but if you used a spell slot to cast the spell, the slot is still expended.




        Solid Surface Disappears (Target Becomes Invalid)



        For less ambiguous cases, e.g. ice melting, Jeremy Crawford offered a clarifying tweet. When the target of a spell (e.g. an ice bridge) no longer becomes a valid target (because it melted), the spell effecting it is suppressed. So the wall of flame is gone until the target becomes valid again or the duration runs out.






        share|improve this answer














        Vernacular Definition of Solid



        Lacking a specific definition of a term in the rules, default to common language. The OED definition of solid:




        Firm and stable in shape; not liquid or fluid.
        ‘the stream was frozen solid’




        Consider how this affects the game play in two ways: by basic procedure, and for solid surface disappearing.



        Default to Basic Procedure



        The English definition of 'solid" implies a certain amount of rigidity as well. Further discussion of the terms will spiral into the semantics and debates of precise meaning, but we can short circuit that with the basic rules D&D procedure for adventuring:




        1. The DM describes the environment.

        2. The players describe what they want to do.

        3. The DM narrates the results of their actions.



        This is especially the case where the rule are defaulting the ambiguities of plain English. E.g. the effect of casting a wall of fire targeting the surface of a dragon's back is dictated by the interpretation of solid surface by the DM.



        Xanathar's Guide to Everything Optional Rule for Invalid Targets



        In the event the GM rules that the chosen surface does not count as a solid surface for the purposes of the spell, XGtE has a spellcasting section that offers optional guidance about ruling on casting spells at invalid targets.




        If you cast a spell on someone or something that can't be affected by the spell, nothing happens to that target, but if you used a spell slot to cast the spell, the slot is still expended.




        Solid Surface Disappears (Target Becomes Invalid)



        For less ambiguous cases, e.g. ice melting, Jeremy Crawford offered a clarifying tweet. When the target of a spell (e.g. an ice bridge) no longer becomes a valid target (because it melted), the spell effecting it is suppressed. So the wall of flame is gone until the target becomes valid again or the duration runs out.







        share|improve this answer














        share|improve this answer



        share|improve this answer








        edited 1 hour ago









        V2Blast

        16.8k242107




        16.8k242107










        answered 1 hour ago









        Grosscol

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