I don't understand the concept of “Information content of a sentence”

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I came across this concept in my course literature. Here's a snippet from that chapter:



"An essential component in logical reasoning is how much information a sentence contains. If S is a sentence, the number of 1's in the truth table for S can be seen as a measure of the information content in the sentence. The more 1's a sentence has the less information the sentence contains"



Thanks for your help.










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    I came across this concept in my course literature. Here's a snippet from that chapter:



    "An essential component in logical reasoning is how much information a sentence contains. If S is a sentence, the number of 1's in the truth table for S can be seen as a measure of the information content in the sentence. The more 1's a sentence has the less information the sentence contains"



    Thanks for your help.










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    New contributor




    Mogul Khan is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
    Check out our Code of Conduct.





















      up vote
      4
      down vote

      favorite









      up vote
      4
      down vote

      favorite











      I came across this concept in my course literature. Here's a snippet from that chapter:



      "An essential component in logical reasoning is how much information a sentence contains. If S is a sentence, the number of 1's in the truth table for S can be seen as a measure of the information content in the sentence. The more 1's a sentence has the less information the sentence contains"



      Thanks for your help.










      share|cite|improve this question







      New contributor




      Mogul Khan is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
      Check out our Code of Conduct.











      I came across this concept in my course literature. Here's a snippet from that chapter:



      "An essential component in logical reasoning is how much information a sentence contains. If S is a sentence, the number of 1's in the truth table for S can be seen as a measure of the information content in the sentence. The more 1's a sentence has the less information the sentence contains"



      Thanks for your help.







      logic






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          2 Answers
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          I assume you are asking for an intuitive explanation.



          Imagine the police are looking for a killer, and there are only 20 remaining suspects, one of which is missing an arm. There are several witnesses. One says:




          The killer had 2 arms.




          This sentence is not very informative, right? Why not? It's because it is true for 19 of 20 suspects (it has $19$ ones in the truth table).



          On the other hand, if the witness says




          The killer was a man




          and half the suspects are male, then that is a more informative sentene (it has $10$ ones in its truth table), and if a witness says




          The killer was 180cm tall, red haired, wore glasses and a ring on his right hand




          then it's quite likely that there is only one one in the truth table of that sentence, which is therefore very informative.






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            See Ludwig Wittgenstein's Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (1921) :




            4.46 Among the possible groups of truth-conditions [i.e. lines in the truth table] there are two extreme cases.



            In one of these cases the proposition is true for all the
            truth-possibilities of the elementary propositions. We say that the truth-conditions are tautological.



            In the second case the proposition is false for all the truth-possibilities: the truth-conditions are contradictory.



            In the first case we call the proposition a tautology; in the second, a contradiction.



            4.461 Propositions show what they say: tautologies and contradictions show that they say nothing.



            A tautology has no truth-conditions, since it is unconditionally true: and a contradiction is true on no condition.



            Tautologies and contradictions lack sense [i.e. they convey no "information"].



            [...] (For example, I know nothing about the weather when I know that it is either raining or not raining.)







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              2 Answers
              2






              active

              oldest

              votes








              2 Answers
              2






              active

              oldest

              votes









              active

              oldest

              votes






              active

              oldest

              votes








              up vote
              6
              down vote



              accepted










              I assume you are asking for an intuitive explanation.



              Imagine the police are looking for a killer, and there are only 20 remaining suspects, one of which is missing an arm. There are several witnesses. One says:




              The killer had 2 arms.




              This sentence is not very informative, right? Why not? It's because it is true for 19 of 20 suspects (it has $19$ ones in the truth table).



              On the other hand, if the witness says




              The killer was a man




              and half the suspects are male, then that is a more informative sentene (it has $10$ ones in its truth table), and if a witness says




              The killer was 180cm tall, red haired, wore glasses and a ring on his right hand




              then it's quite likely that there is only one one in the truth table of that sentence, which is therefore very informative.






              share|cite|improve this answer
























                up vote
                6
                down vote



                accepted










                I assume you are asking for an intuitive explanation.



                Imagine the police are looking for a killer, and there are only 20 remaining suspects, one of which is missing an arm. There are several witnesses. One says:




                The killer had 2 arms.




                This sentence is not very informative, right? Why not? It's because it is true for 19 of 20 suspects (it has $19$ ones in the truth table).



                On the other hand, if the witness says




                The killer was a man




                and half the suspects are male, then that is a more informative sentene (it has $10$ ones in its truth table), and if a witness says




                The killer was 180cm tall, red haired, wore glasses and a ring on his right hand




                then it's quite likely that there is only one one in the truth table of that sentence, which is therefore very informative.






                share|cite|improve this answer






















                  up vote
                  6
                  down vote



                  accepted







                  up vote
                  6
                  down vote



                  accepted






                  I assume you are asking for an intuitive explanation.



                  Imagine the police are looking for a killer, and there are only 20 remaining suspects, one of which is missing an arm. There are several witnesses. One says:




                  The killer had 2 arms.




                  This sentence is not very informative, right? Why not? It's because it is true for 19 of 20 suspects (it has $19$ ones in the truth table).



                  On the other hand, if the witness says




                  The killer was a man




                  and half the suspects are male, then that is a more informative sentene (it has $10$ ones in its truth table), and if a witness says




                  The killer was 180cm tall, red haired, wore glasses and a ring on his right hand




                  then it's quite likely that there is only one one in the truth table of that sentence, which is therefore very informative.






                  share|cite|improve this answer












                  I assume you are asking for an intuitive explanation.



                  Imagine the police are looking for a killer, and there are only 20 remaining suspects, one of which is missing an arm. There are several witnesses. One says:




                  The killer had 2 arms.




                  This sentence is not very informative, right? Why not? It's because it is true for 19 of 20 suspects (it has $19$ ones in the truth table).



                  On the other hand, if the witness says




                  The killer was a man




                  and half the suspects are male, then that is a more informative sentene (it has $10$ ones in its truth table), and if a witness says




                  The killer was 180cm tall, red haired, wore glasses and a ring on his right hand




                  then it's quite likely that there is only one one in the truth table of that sentence, which is therefore very informative.







                  share|cite|improve this answer












                  share|cite|improve this answer



                  share|cite|improve this answer










                  answered 5 hours ago









                  5xum

                  82.8k383147




                  82.8k383147




















                      up vote
                      0
                      down vote













                      See Ludwig Wittgenstein's Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (1921) :




                      4.46 Among the possible groups of truth-conditions [i.e. lines in the truth table] there are two extreme cases.



                      In one of these cases the proposition is true for all the
                      truth-possibilities of the elementary propositions. We say that the truth-conditions are tautological.



                      In the second case the proposition is false for all the truth-possibilities: the truth-conditions are contradictory.



                      In the first case we call the proposition a tautology; in the second, a contradiction.



                      4.461 Propositions show what they say: tautologies and contradictions show that they say nothing.



                      A tautology has no truth-conditions, since it is unconditionally true: and a contradiction is true on no condition.



                      Tautologies and contradictions lack sense [i.e. they convey no "information"].



                      [...] (For example, I know nothing about the weather when I know that it is either raining or not raining.)







                      share|cite|improve this answer
























                        up vote
                        0
                        down vote













                        See Ludwig Wittgenstein's Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (1921) :




                        4.46 Among the possible groups of truth-conditions [i.e. lines in the truth table] there are two extreme cases.



                        In one of these cases the proposition is true for all the
                        truth-possibilities of the elementary propositions. We say that the truth-conditions are tautological.



                        In the second case the proposition is false for all the truth-possibilities: the truth-conditions are contradictory.



                        In the first case we call the proposition a tautology; in the second, a contradiction.



                        4.461 Propositions show what they say: tautologies and contradictions show that they say nothing.



                        A tautology has no truth-conditions, since it is unconditionally true: and a contradiction is true on no condition.



                        Tautologies and contradictions lack sense [i.e. they convey no "information"].



                        [...] (For example, I know nothing about the weather when I know that it is either raining or not raining.)







                        share|cite|improve this answer






















                          up vote
                          0
                          down vote










                          up vote
                          0
                          down vote









                          See Ludwig Wittgenstein's Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (1921) :




                          4.46 Among the possible groups of truth-conditions [i.e. lines in the truth table] there are two extreme cases.



                          In one of these cases the proposition is true for all the
                          truth-possibilities of the elementary propositions. We say that the truth-conditions are tautological.



                          In the second case the proposition is false for all the truth-possibilities: the truth-conditions are contradictory.



                          In the first case we call the proposition a tautology; in the second, a contradiction.



                          4.461 Propositions show what they say: tautologies and contradictions show that they say nothing.



                          A tautology has no truth-conditions, since it is unconditionally true: and a contradiction is true on no condition.



                          Tautologies and contradictions lack sense [i.e. they convey no "information"].



                          [...] (For example, I know nothing about the weather when I know that it is either raining or not raining.)







                          share|cite|improve this answer












                          See Ludwig Wittgenstein's Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (1921) :




                          4.46 Among the possible groups of truth-conditions [i.e. lines in the truth table] there are two extreme cases.



                          In one of these cases the proposition is true for all the
                          truth-possibilities of the elementary propositions. We say that the truth-conditions are tautological.



                          In the second case the proposition is false for all the truth-possibilities: the truth-conditions are contradictory.



                          In the first case we call the proposition a tautology; in the second, a contradiction.



                          4.461 Propositions show what they say: tautologies and contradictions show that they say nothing.



                          A tautology has no truth-conditions, since it is unconditionally true: and a contradiction is true on no condition.



                          Tautologies and contradictions lack sense [i.e. they convey no "information"].



                          [...] (For example, I know nothing about the weather when I know that it is either raining or not raining.)








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                          answered 35 mins ago









                          Mauro ALLEGRANZA

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                          61.3k446105




















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