How to translate 乎 in classical Chinese texts?

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I know that 乎 usually expresses doubt and is sometimes translated using rhetorical questions. But is it always true? I am wondering how should it be translated in such a case: "而有以通乎性命之全". The full sentence is:



惟人也，得其形氣之正，是以其心最靈，而有以通乎性命之全



For the sake of clarity - the sentence is preceded with another one that contains the following statement: "然体有偏正之殊".






classical-chinese







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    up vote
    3
    down vote

    favorite












    I know that 乎 usually expresses doubt and is sometimes translated using rhetorical questions. But is it always true? I am wondering how should it be translated in such a case: "而有以通乎性命之全". The full sentence is:



    惟人也，得其形氣之正，是以其心最靈，而有以通乎性命之全



    For the sake of clarity - the sentence is preceded with another one that contains the following statement: "然体有偏正之殊".






    classical-chinese







    share|improve this question























      up vote
      3
      down vote

      favorite









      up vote
      3
      down vote

      favorite











      I know that 乎 usually expresses doubt and is sometimes translated using rhetorical questions. But is it always true? I am wondering how should it be translated in such a case: "而有以通乎性命之全". The full sentence is:



      惟人也，得其形氣之正，是以其心最靈，而有以通乎性命之全



      For the sake of clarity - the sentence is preceded with another one that contains the following statement: "然体有偏正之殊".






      classical-chinese







      share|improve this question













      I know that 乎 usually expresses doubt and is sometimes translated using rhetorical questions. But is it always true? I am wondering how should it be translated in such a case: "而有以通乎性命之全". The full sentence is:



      惟人也，得其形氣之正，是以其心最靈，而有以通乎性命之全



      For the sake of clarity - the sentence is preceded with another one that contains the following statement: "然体有偏正之殊".






      classical-chinese




      classical-chinese






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      asked 6 hours ago









      McCzajnik

      232




      232




















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          乎者，非唯语气助词之用也，亦作介词，同“于”之义。
          试看：
          风乎舞雩[在]
          叫嚣乎东西，隳突乎南北[从]
          吾尝疑乎是[对]






          share|improve this answer



























            up vote
            1
            down vote














            is it always true




            no. only when 乎 is at the end of a verse, then it might be interpreted as doubt, rhetorical question, or guess.



            http://dict.revised.moe.edu.tw/cgi-bin/cbdic/gsweb.cgi?ccd=hj97ow&o=e0&sec=sec1&op=v&view=0-1



            in the verse




            而有以通乎性命之全




            "乎" means 於, a preposition (at, in, from, . . . etc).




            惟人也．得其形氣之正．是以其心最靈．而有以通乎性命之全




            i would suggest to interpret the verse as:



            only the homo sapiens (惟人也),



            get (得) the upright (正) body (形) & vital energy (氣),



            therefore (是以), its (其) mind (心) is the most (最) divine; (靈)



            and (而) depends on [such upright body and vital energy] (有以), [homo sapiens ] succeed (通) in (乎) the complete (全) life (性命)



            enter image description here



            have fun :)






            share|improve this answer




















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              乎者，非唯语气助词之用也，亦作介词，同“于”之义。
              试看：
              风乎舞雩[在]
              叫嚣乎东西，隳突乎南北[从]
              吾尝疑乎是[对]






              share|improve this answer
























                up vote
                1
                down vote













                乎者，非唯语气助词之用也，亦作介词，同“于”之义。
                试看：
                风乎舞雩[在]
                叫嚣乎东西，隳突乎南北[从]
                吾尝疑乎是[对]






                share|improve this answer






















                  up vote
                  1
                  down vote










                  up vote
                  1
                  down vote









                  乎者，非唯语气助词之用也，亦作介词，同“于”之义。
                  试看：
                  风乎舞雩[在]
                  叫嚣乎东西，隳突乎南北[从]
                  吾尝疑乎是[对]






                  share|improve this answer












                  乎者，非唯语气助词之用也，亦作介词，同“于”之义。
                  试看：
                  风乎舞雩[在]
                  叫嚣乎东西，隳突乎南北[从]
                  吾尝疑乎是[对]







                  share|improve this answer












                  share|improve this answer



                  share|improve this answer










                  answered 5 hours ago









                  Toosky Hierot

                  4257




                  4257




















                      up vote
                      1
                      down vote














                      is it always true




                      no. only when 乎 is at the end of a verse, then it might be interpreted as doubt, rhetorical question, or guess.



                      http://dict.revised.moe.edu.tw/cgi-bin/cbdic/gsweb.cgi?ccd=hj97ow&o=e0&sec=sec1&op=v&view=0-1



                      in the verse




                      而有以通乎性命之全




                      "乎" means 於, a preposition (at, in, from, . . . etc).




                      惟人也．得其形氣之正．是以其心最靈．而有以通乎性命之全




                      i would suggest to interpret the verse as:



                      only the homo sapiens (惟人也),



                      get (得) the upright (正) body (形) & vital energy (氣),



                      therefore (是以), its (其) mind (心) is the most (最) divine; (靈)



                      and (而) depends on [such upright body and vital energy] (有以), [homo sapiens ] succeed (通) in (乎) the complete (全) life (性命)



                      enter image description here



                      have fun :)






                      share|improve this answer
























                        up vote
                        1
                        down vote














                        is it always true




                        no. only when 乎 is at the end of a verse, then it might be interpreted as doubt, rhetorical question, or guess.



                        http://dict.revised.moe.edu.tw/cgi-bin/cbdic/gsweb.cgi?ccd=hj97ow&o=e0&sec=sec1&op=v&view=0-1



                        in the verse




                        而有以通乎性命之全




                        "乎" means 於, a preposition (at, in, from, . . . etc).




                        惟人也．得其形氣之正．是以其心最靈．而有以通乎性命之全




                        i would suggest to interpret the verse as:



                        only the homo sapiens (惟人也),



                        get (得) the upright (正) body (形) & vital energy (氣),



                        therefore (是以), its (其) mind (心) is the most (最) divine; (靈)



                        and (而) depends on [such upright body and vital energy] (有以), [homo sapiens ] succeed (通) in (乎) the complete (全) life (性命)



                        enter image description here



                        have fun :)






                        share|improve this answer






















                          up vote
                          1
                          down vote










                          up vote
                          1
                          down vote










                          is it always true




                          no. only when 乎 is at the end of a verse, then it might be interpreted as doubt, rhetorical question, or guess.



                          http://dict.revised.moe.edu.tw/cgi-bin/cbdic/gsweb.cgi?ccd=hj97ow&o=e0&sec=sec1&op=v&view=0-1



                          in the verse




                          而有以通乎性命之全




                          "乎" means 於, a preposition (at, in, from, . . . etc).




                          惟人也．得其形氣之正．是以其心最靈．而有以通乎性命之全




                          i would suggest to interpret the verse as:



                          only the homo sapiens (惟人也),



                          get (得) the upright (正) body (形) & vital energy (氣),



                          therefore (是以), its (其) mind (心) is the most (最) divine; (靈)



                          and (而) depends on [such upright body and vital energy] (有以), [homo sapiens ] succeed (通) in (乎) the complete (全) life (性命)



                          enter image description here



                          have fun :)






                          share|improve this answer













                          is it always true




                          no. only when 乎 is at the end of a verse, then it might be interpreted as doubt, rhetorical question, or guess.



                          http://dict.revised.moe.edu.tw/cgi-bin/cbdic/gsweb.cgi?ccd=hj97ow&o=e0&sec=sec1&op=v&view=0-1



                          in the verse




                          而有以通乎性命之全




                          "乎" means 於, a preposition (at, in, from, . . . etc).




                          惟人也．得其形氣之正．是以其心最靈．而有以通乎性命之全




                          i would suggest to interpret the verse as:



                          only the homo sapiens (惟人也),



                          get (得) the upright (正) body (形) & vital energy (氣),



                          therefore (是以), its (其) mind (心) is the most (最) divine; (靈)



                          and (而) depends on [such upright body and vital energy] (有以), [homo sapiens ] succeed (通) in (乎) the complete (全) life (性命)



                          enter image description here



                          have fun :)







                          share|improve this answer












                          share|improve this answer



                          share|improve this answer










                          answered 4 hours ago









                          水巷孑蠻

                          6,5121520




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