As a referee, is it okay to ask for references to be removed?

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Say I received a paper for review. Afterwards I discover that there are cited references that are not related to the discussed subject, or there are elements in the bibliography that are not referenced in the manuscript.



As a referee, is it ok to ask for the removal of such references?



I ask because I have never heard of someone suggesting the removal of references, but on the contrary, I have many times heard of researchers self citing or citing friends just to enhance their numbers.










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  • It would also help if you can identify whether these spurious references are an attempt to boost citation count through self citation or if they're just plain mistakes. The first one hints to an ethical issue. If it's too blatant, my opinion is that it should be brought to the editor's attention.
    – Miguel
    2 hours ago







  • 1




    I wonder if a journal's production office has means to detect these "orphan references" automatically, and what happens when they find one. Anyone more expert than me with the journal toolchain knows?
    – Federico Poloni
    1 hour ago















up vote
10
down vote

favorite












Say I received a paper for review. Afterwards I discover that there are cited references that are not related to the discussed subject, or there are elements in the bibliography that are not referenced in the manuscript.



As a referee, is it ok to ask for the removal of such references?



I ask because I have never heard of someone suggesting the removal of references, but on the contrary, I have many times heard of researchers self citing or citing friends just to enhance their numbers.










share|improve this question























  • It would also help if you can identify whether these spurious references are an attempt to boost citation count through self citation or if they're just plain mistakes. The first one hints to an ethical issue. If it's too blatant, my opinion is that it should be brought to the editor's attention.
    – Miguel
    2 hours ago







  • 1




    I wonder if a journal's production office has means to detect these "orphan references" automatically, and what happens when they find one. Anyone more expert than me with the journal toolchain knows?
    – Federico Poloni
    1 hour ago













up vote
10
down vote

favorite









up vote
10
down vote

favorite











Say I received a paper for review. Afterwards I discover that there are cited references that are not related to the discussed subject, or there are elements in the bibliography that are not referenced in the manuscript.



As a referee, is it ok to ask for the removal of such references?



I ask because I have never heard of someone suggesting the removal of references, but on the contrary, I have many times heard of researchers self citing or citing friends just to enhance their numbers.










share|improve this question















Say I received a paper for review. Afterwards I discover that there are cited references that are not related to the discussed subject, or there are elements in the bibliography that are not referenced in the manuscript.



As a referee, is it ok to ask for the removal of such references?



I ask because I have never heard of someone suggesting the removal of references, but on the contrary, I have many times heard of researchers self citing or citing friends just to enhance their numbers.







citations peer-review






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edited 12 mins ago









Nat

5,22931338




5,22931338










asked 3 hours ago









pancho

296111




296111











  • It would also help if you can identify whether these spurious references are an attempt to boost citation count through self citation or if they're just plain mistakes. The first one hints to an ethical issue. If it's too blatant, my opinion is that it should be brought to the editor's attention.
    – Miguel
    2 hours ago







  • 1




    I wonder if a journal's production office has means to detect these "orphan references" automatically, and what happens when they find one. Anyone more expert than me with the journal toolchain knows?
    – Federico Poloni
    1 hour ago

















  • It would also help if you can identify whether these spurious references are an attempt to boost citation count through self citation or if they're just plain mistakes. The first one hints to an ethical issue. If it's too blatant, my opinion is that it should be brought to the editor's attention.
    – Miguel
    2 hours ago







  • 1




    I wonder if a journal's production office has means to detect these "orphan references" automatically, and what happens when they find one. Anyone more expert than me with the journal toolchain knows?
    – Federico Poloni
    1 hour ago
















It would also help if you can identify whether these spurious references are an attempt to boost citation count through self citation or if they're just plain mistakes. The first one hints to an ethical issue. If it's too blatant, my opinion is that it should be brought to the editor's attention.
– Miguel
2 hours ago





It would also help if you can identify whether these spurious references are an attempt to boost citation count through self citation or if they're just plain mistakes. The first one hints to an ethical issue. If it's too blatant, my opinion is that it should be brought to the editor's attention.
– Miguel
2 hours ago





1




1




I wonder if a journal's production office has means to detect these "orphan references" automatically, and what happens when they find one. Anyone more expert than me with the journal toolchain knows?
– Federico Poloni
1 hour ago





I wonder if a journal's production office has means to detect these "orphan references" automatically, and what happens when they find one. Anyone more expert than me with the journal toolchain knows?
– Federico Poloni
1 hour ago











2 Answers
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Yes, the spurious references should be removed as stated by @Solar Mike. There is a diplomatic way to accomplish this without making any assumptions or accusing anyone of anything. Write something along the lines of



"The current bibliography contains a number of references which are not explicitly cited in the main text. They are: (insert complete list of numbers). The main text should either be extended to include a discussion of these references or the references should be deleted".



You compile the list by ticking of all explicitly cited references as you read through the main text. Any entries left are spurious.



A tool like LaTeX typically has a command which is used to print the entire bibliography. Spurious references are often generated by forgetting to disable this command when the final draft is compiled. If you can identify the tool, then you can insert a helpful statement to that effect, i.e., "As you are using LaTeX, please check if manuscript contains a nocite* command."






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    I think that you should get erroneous references removed, the ones listed should be the ones used in the paper, no more, no less.






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      2 Answers
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      2 Answers
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      up vote
      6
      down vote













      Yes, the spurious references should be removed as stated by @Solar Mike. There is a diplomatic way to accomplish this without making any assumptions or accusing anyone of anything. Write something along the lines of



      "The current bibliography contains a number of references which are not explicitly cited in the main text. They are: (insert complete list of numbers). The main text should either be extended to include a discussion of these references or the references should be deleted".



      You compile the list by ticking of all explicitly cited references as you read through the main text. Any entries left are spurious.



      A tool like LaTeX typically has a command which is used to print the entire bibliography. Spurious references are often generated by forgetting to disable this command when the final draft is compiled. If you can identify the tool, then you can insert a helpful statement to that effect, i.e., "As you are using LaTeX, please check if manuscript contains a nocite* command."






      share|improve this answer
























        up vote
        6
        down vote













        Yes, the spurious references should be removed as stated by @Solar Mike. There is a diplomatic way to accomplish this without making any assumptions or accusing anyone of anything. Write something along the lines of



        "The current bibliography contains a number of references which are not explicitly cited in the main text. They are: (insert complete list of numbers). The main text should either be extended to include a discussion of these references or the references should be deleted".



        You compile the list by ticking of all explicitly cited references as you read through the main text. Any entries left are spurious.



        A tool like LaTeX typically has a command which is used to print the entire bibliography. Spurious references are often generated by forgetting to disable this command when the final draft is compiled. If you can identify the tool, then you can insert a helpful statement to that effect, i.e., "As you are using LaTeX, please check if manuscript contains a nocite* command."






        share|improve this answer






















          up vote
          6
          down vote










          up vote
          6
          down vote









          Yes, the spurious references should be removed as stated by @Solar Mike. There is a diplomatic way to accomplish this without making any assumptions or accusing anyone of anything. Write something along the lines of



          "The current bibliography contains a number of references which are not explicitly cited in the main text. They are: (insert complete list of numbers). The main text should either be extended to include a discussion of these references or the references should be deleted".



          You compile the list by ticking of all explicitly cited references as you read through the main text. Any entries left are spurious.



          A tool like LaTeX typically has a command which is used to print the entire bibliography. Spurious references are often generated by forgetting to disable this command when the final draft is compiled. If you can identify the tool, then you can insert a helpful statement to that effect, i.e., "As you are using LaTeX, please check if manuscript contains a nocite* command."






          share|improve this answer












          Yes, the spurious references should be removed as stated by @Solar Mike. There is a diplomatic way to accomplish this without making any assumptions or accusing anyone of anything. Write something along the lines of



          "The current bibliography contains a number of references which are not explicitly cited in the main text. They are: (insert complete list of numbers). The main text should either be extended to include a discussion of these references or the references should be deleted".



          You compile the list by ticking of all explicitly cited references as you read through the main text. Any entries left are spurious.



          A tool like LaTeX typically has a command which is used to print the entire bibliography. Spurious references are often generated by forgetting to disable this command when the final draft is compiled. If you can identify the tool, then you can insert a helpful statement to that effect, i.e., "As you are using LaTeX, please check if manuscript contains a nocite* command."







          share|improve this answer












          share|improve this answer



          share|improve this answer










          answered 2 hours ago









          Carl Christian

          79127




          79127




















              up vote
              5
              down vote













              I think that you should get erroneous references removed, the ones listed should be the ones used in the paper, no more, no less.






              share|improve this answer
























                up vote
                5
                down vote













                I think that you should get erroneous references removed, the ones listed should be the ones used in the paper, no more, no less.






                share|improve this answer






















                  up vote
                  5
                  down vote










                  up vote
                  5
                  down vote









                  I think that you should get erroneous references removed, the ones listed should be the ones used in the paper, no more, no less.






                  share|improve this answer












                  I think that you should get erroneous references removed, the ones listed should be the ones used in the paper, no more, no less.







                  share|improve this answer












                  share|improve this answer



                  share|improve this answer










                  answered 2 hours ago









                  Solar Mike

                  8,91632038




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