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Were many former American slaves put back into virtual slavery after the civil war?
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The ACLU has been a critic of the 13th amendment to the US constitution for some time, claiming that the clause that reads that slavery shall not exist "except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted" is a loophole and has been exploited as such.
After the Civil War, many states, mostly former slave states, immediately exploited the 13th Amendment loophole allowing slavery and involuntary servitude as a punishment for crime. Many former slaves were arrested and then put back into slave labor conditions through convict leasing, a lucrative practice that generated more than 70 percent of total state revenues for the state of Alabama in 1898. From the 1920s through 1941, convict leasing was gradually eliminated through state laws and by presidential executive order. The constitutional loophole, however, was never removed.
- Colorado Votes To Abolish Slavery, 2 Years After Similar Amendment Failed - NPR.org
In the bold portion above, the ACLU claims that "convict leasing" was done immediately after the civil war, was used to target and enslave black Americans, and was prevalent. Is this a fair assessment of the historical records?
united-states law slavery prisoner
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fredsbend
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up vote
3
down vote
favorite
The ACLU has been a critic of the 13th amendment to the US constitution for some time, claiming that the clause that reads that slavery shall not exist "except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted" is a loophole and has been exploited as such.
After the Civil War, many states, mostly former slave states, immediately exploited the 13th Amendment loophole allowing slavery and involuntary servitude as a punishment for crime. Many former slaves were arrested and then put back into slave labor conditions through convict leasing, a lucrative practice that generated more than 70 percent of total state revenues for the state of Alabama in 1898. From the 1920s through 1941, convict leasing was gradually eliminated through state laws and by presidential executive order. The constitutional loophole, however, was never removed.
- Colorado Votes To Abolish Slavery, 2 Years After Similar Amendment Failed - NPR.org
In the bold portion above, the ACLU claims that "convict leasing" was done immediately after the civil war, was used to target and enslave black Americans, and was prevalent. Is this a fair assessment of the historical records?
united-states law slavery prisoner
asked 2 hours ago
fredsbend
3,66963159
add a comment |Â
up vote
3
down vote
favorite
up vote
3
down vote
favorite
The ACLU has been a critic of the 13th amendment to the US constitution for some time, claiming that the clause that reads that slavery shall not exist "except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted" is a loophole and has been exploited as such.
After the Civil War, many states, mostly former slave states, immediately exploited the 13th Amendment loophole allowing slavery and involuntary servitude as a punishment for crime. Many former slaves were arrested and then put back into slave labor conditions through convict leasing, a lucrative practice that generated more than 70 percent of total state revenues for the state of Alabama in 1898. From the 1920s through 1941, convict leasing was gradually eliminated through state laws and by presidential executive order. The constitutional loophole, however, was never removed.
- Colorado Votes To Abolish Slavery, 2 Years After Similar Amendment Failed - NPR.org
In the bold portion above, the ACLU claims that "convict leasing" was done immediately after the civil war, was used to target and enslave black Americans, and was prevalent. Is this a fair assessment of the historical records?
united-states law slavery prisoner
asked 2 hours ago
fredsbend
3,66963159
The ACLU has been a critic of the 13th amendment to the US constitution for some time, claiming that the clause that reads that slavery shall not exist "except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted" is a loophole and has been exploited as such.
After the Civil War, many states, mostly former slave states, immediately exploited the 13th Amendment loophole allowing slavery and involuntary servitude as a punishment for crime. Many former slaves were arrested and then put back into slave labor conditions through convict leasing, a lucrative practice that generated more than 70 percent of total state revenues for the state of Alabama in 1898. From the 1920s through 1941, convict leasing was gradually eliminated through state laws and by presidential executive order. The constitutional loophole, however, was never removed.
- Colorado Votes To Abolish Slavery, 2 Years After Similar Amendment Failed - NPR.org
In the bold portion above, the ACLU claims that "convict leasing" was done immediately after the civil war, was used to target and enslave black Americans, and was prevalent. Is this a fair assessment of the historical records?
united-states law slavery prisoner
united-states law slavery prisoner
asked 2 hours ago
fredsbend
3,66963159
asked 2 hours ago
fredsbend
3,66963159
asked 2 hours ago
fredsbend
3,66963159
asked 2 hours ago
fredsbend
3,66963159
asked 2 hours ago
fredsbend
3,66963159
3,66963159
add a comment |Â
add a comment |Â
1 Answer
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According to The Iniquity of Leasing Convict Labor Engineering Magazine September 1891, pages 749-757:
The convict lease system exists in all the Southern States, with the exception of Maryland and Delaware. ... composed almost wholly of the freedmen fresh from slavery and the tremendous and, to them, wonderful results of the greatest civil war in history.
answered 2 hours ago
DavePhD
72.6k18313339
Great find. +1 Can you find any information on what percentage of the formerly enslaved were caught up in this (how prevalent was this?). And, not to be a stickler, but what assurance do we have that Engineering Magazine is trustworthy on the subject (it doesn't sound like a political science publication)? In light of radical Reconstruction, surely some sources would exaggerate or even lie (fake news isn't new).
– fredsbend
32 mins ago
@fredsbend the reference says for example Tennessee has 1500 convicts. This compares to a 1860 Tennessee enslaved population of 275,719. So less than 1%.
– DavePhD
13 mins ago
add a comment |Â
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
up vote
4
down vote
According to The Iniquity of Leasing Convict Labor Engineering Magazine September 1891, pages 749-757:
The convict lease system exists in all the Southern States, with the exception of Maryland and Delaware. ... composed almost wholly of the freedmen fresh from slavery and the tremendous and, to them, wonderful results of the greatest civil war in history.
answered 2 hours ago
DavePhD
72.6k18313339
Great find. +1 Can you find any information on what percentage of the formerly enslaved were caught up in this (how prevalent was this?). And, not to be a stickler, but what assurance do we have that Engineering Magazine is trustworthy on the subject (it doesn't sound like a political science publication)? In light of radical Reconstruction, surely some sources would exaggerate or even lie (fake news isn't new).
– fredsbend
32 mins ago
@fredsbend the reference says for example Tennessee has 1500 convicts. This compares to a 1860 Tennessee enslaved population of 275,719. So less than 1%.
– DavePhD
13 mins ago
add a comment |Â
up vote
4
down vote
According to The Iniquity of Leasing Convict Labor Engineering Magazine September 1891, pages 749-757:
The convict lease system exists in all the Southern States, with the exception of Maryland and Delaware. ... composed almost wholly of the freedmen fresh from slavery and the tremendous and, to them, wonderful results of the greatest civil war in history.
answered 2 hours ago
DavePhD
72.6k18313339
Great find. +1 Can you find any information on what percentage of the formerly enslaved were caught up in this (how prevalent was this?). And, not to be a stickler, but what assurance do we have that Engineering Magazine is trustworthy on the subject (it doesn't sound like a political science publication)? In light of radical Reconstruction, surely some sources would exaggerate or even lie (fake news isn't new).
– fredsbend
32 mins ago
@fredsbend the reference says for example Tennessee has 1500 convicts. This compares to a 1860 Tennessee enslaved population of 275,719. So less than 1%.
– DavePhD
13 mins ago
add a comment |Â
up vote
4
down vote
up vote
4
down vote
According to The Iniquity of Leasing Convict Labor Engineering Magazine September 1891, pages 749-757:
The convict lease system exists in all the Southern States, with the exception of Maryland and Delaware. ... composed almost wholly of the freedmen fresh from slavery and the tremendous and, to them, wonderful results of the greatest civil war in history.
answered 2 hours ago
DavePhD
72.6k18313339
According to The Iniquity of Leasing Convict Labor Engineering Magazine September 1891, pages 749-757:
The convict lease system exists in all the Southern States, with the exception of Maryland and Delaware. ... composed almost wholly of the freedmen fresh from slavery and the tremendous and, to them, wonderful results of the greatest civil war in history.
answered 2 hours ago
DavePhD
72.6k18313339
answered 2 hours ago
DavePhD
72.6k18313339
answered 2 hours ago
DavePhD
72.6k18313339
answered 2 hours ago
DavePhD
72.6k18313339
72.6k18313339
Great find. +1 Can you find any information on what percentage of the formerly enslaved were caught up in this (how prevalent was this?). And, not to be a stickler, but what assurance do we have that Engineering Magazine is trustworthy on the subject (it doesn't sound like a political science publication)? In light of radical Reconstruction, surely some sources would exaggerate or even lie (fake news isn't new).
– fredsbend
32 mins ago
@fredsbend the reference says for example Tennessee has 1500 convicts. This compares to a 1860 Tennessee enslaved population of 275,719. So less than 1%.
– DavePhD
13 mins ago
add a comment |Â
Great find. +1 Can you find any information on what percentage of the formerly enslaved were caught up in this (how prevalent was this?). And, not to be a stickler, but what assurance do we have that Engineering Magazine is trustworthy on the subject (it doesn't sound like a political science publication)? In light of radical Reconstruction, surely some sources would exaggerate or even lie (fake news isn't new).
– fredsbend
32 mins ago
@fredsbend the reference says for example Tennessee has 1500 convicts. This compares to a 1860 Tennessee enslaved population of 275,719. So less than 1%.
– DavePhD
13 mins ago
Great find. +1 Can you find any information on what percentage of the formerly enslaved were caught up in this (how prevalent was this?). And, not to be a stickler, but what assurance do we have that Engineering Magazine is trustworthy on the subject (it doesn't sound like a political science publication)? In light of radical Reconstruction, surely some sources would exaggerate or even lie (fake news isn't new).
– fredsbend
32 mins ago
Great find. +1 Can you find any information on what percentage of the formerly enslaved were caught up in this (how prevalent was this?). And, not to be a stickler, but what assurance do we have that Engineering Magazine is trustworthy on the subject (it doesn't sound like a political science publication)? In light of radical Reconstruction, surely some sources would exaggerate or even lie (fake news isn't new).
– fredsbend
32 mins ago
@fredsbend the reference says for example Tennessee has 1500 convicts. This compares to a 1860 Tennessee enslaved population of 275,719. So less than 1%.
– DavePhD
13 mins ago
@fredsbend the reference says for example Tennessee has 1500 convicts. This compares to a 1860 Tennessee enslaved population of 275,719. So less than 1%.
– DavePhD
13 mins ago
add a comment |Â