What are the methods used by GeoIP services besides WHOIS info?

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I was just wondering how GeoIP services collect data about IPs geo location besides checking IP address WHOIS information. For example I stumbled upon this website, that says that IP 74.207.244.221 is being located in Fremont, California: https://ipinfo.io/74.207.244.221



But I can not find this info on this IP whois information. ipinfo.io states that:




Originally our API used MaxMind data, but we've been very busy working on creating our own geolocation data. We've made a lot of progress, and we now use our own data to service around half of all requests. We do still fallback to MaxMind data though




And this got me interested, what are the ways in which services like ipinfo.io and MaxMind collect GeoIP data?






networking internet ip whois geoip







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    up vote
    2
    down vote

    favorite












    I was just wondering how GeoIP services collect data about IPs geo location besides checking IP address WHOIS information. For example I stumbled upon this website, that says that IP 74.207.244.221 is being located in Fremont, California: https://ipinfo.io/74.207.244.221



    But I can not find this info on this IP whois information. ipinfo.io states that:




    Originally our API used MaxMind data, but we've been very busy working on creating our own geolocation data. We've made a lot of progress, and we now use our own data to service around half of all requests. We do still fallback to MaxMind data though




    And this got me interested, what are the ways in which services like ipinfo.io and MaxMind collect GeoIP data?






    networking internet ip whois geoip







    share|improve this question























      up vote
      2
      down vote

      favorite









      up vote
      2
      down vote

      favorite











      I was just wondering how GeoIP services collect data about IPs geo location besides checking IP address WHOIS information. For example I stumbled upon this website, that says that IP 74.207.244.221 is being located in Fremont, California: https://ipinfo.io/74.207.244.221



      But I can not find this info on this IP whois information. ipinfo.io states that:




      Originally our API used MaxMind data, but we've been very busy working on creating our own geolocation data. We've made a lot of progress, and we now use our own data to service around half of all requests. We do still fallback to MaxMind data though




      And this got me interested, what are the ways in which services like ipinfo.io and MaxMind collect GeoIP data?






      networking internet ip whois geoip







      share|improve this question













      I was just wondering how GeoIP services collect data about IPs geo location besides checking IP address WHOIS information. For example I stumbled upon this website, that says that IP 74.207.244.221 is being located in Fremont, California: https://ipinfo.io/74.207.244.221



      But I can not find this info on this IP whois information. ipinfo.io states that:




      Originally our API used MaxMind data, but we've been very busy working on creating our own geolocation data. We've made a lot of progress, and we now use our own data to service around half of all requests. We do still fallback to MaxMind data though




      And this got me interested, what are the ways in which services like ipinfo.io and MaxMind collect GeoIP data?






      networking internet ip whois geoip




      networking internet ip whois geoip






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          Such services usually use 3 ways to geolocate an IP address:



          1. Going through whois databases to search for an address;

          2. Tracking reverse DNS queries to try and find clues based on domain-name records;

          3. And lastly, they use RTT triangulation.

          Round-Trip Time (RTT) Triangulation is a method used to obtain the approximate geolocation of an IP address by measuring the ping latency from three different locations.



          For example, if you have three servers spread across the world in the shape of a triangle, and if you ping an IP address from all the three and get the same results for latency, then that would mean that the IP address is located right in the centre of that triangle. It's the way triangulation works, however, in this case it is used with ICMP pings.



          Resources you can read:
          What is ping? @ Wikipedia
          SIGCOMM paper about RTT triangulation






          share|improve this answer




















          • Wow, I would never think that there is a triangulation based on RTT. Interesting. So if some server would like to avoid being geolocated it could introduce random lag in ICMP responses.
            – Learner
            1 hour ago










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          up vote
          3
          down vote



          accepted










          Such services usually use 3 ways to geolocate an IP address:



          1. Going through whois databases to search for an address;

          2. Tracking reverse DNS queries to try and find clues based on domain-name records;

          3. And lastly, they use RTT triangulation.

          Round-Trip Time (RTT) Triangulation is a method used to obtain the approximate geolocation of an IP address by measuring the ping latency from three different locations.



          For example, if you have three servers spread across the world in the shape of a triangle, and if you ping an IP address from all the three and get the same results for latency, then that would mean that the IP address is located right in the centre of that triangle. It's the way triangulation works, however, in this case it is used with ICMP pings.



          Resources you can read:
          What is ping? @ Wikipedia
          SIGCOMM paper about RTT triangulation






          share|improve this answer




















          • Wow, I would never think that there is a triangulation based on RTT. Interesting. So if some server would like to avoid being geolocated it could introduce random lag in ICMP responses.
            – Learner
            1 hour ago














          up vote
          3
          down vote



          accepted










          Such services usually use 3 ways to geolocate an IP address:



          1. Going through whois databases to search for an address;

          2. Tracking reverse DNS queries to try and find clues based on domain-name records;

          3. And lastly, they use RTT triangulation.

          Round-Trip Time (RTT) Triangulation is a method used to obtain the approximate geolocation of an IP address by measuring the ping latency from three different locations.



          For example, if you have three servers spread across the world in the shape of a triangle, and if you ping an IP address from all the three and get the same results for latency, then that would mean that the IP address is located right in the centre of that triangle. It's the way triangulation works, however, in this case it is used with ICMP pings.



          Resources you can read:
          What is ping? @ Wikipedia
          SIGCOMM paper about RTT triangulation






          share|improve this answer




















          • Wow, I would never think that there is a triangulation based on RTT. Interesting. So if some server would like to avoid being geolocated it could introduce random lag in ICMP responses.
            – Learner
            1 hour ago












          up vote
          3
          down vote



          accepted







          up vote
          3
          down vote



          accepted






          Such services usually use 3 ways to geolocate an IP address:



          1. Going through whois databases to search for an address;

          2. Tracking reverse DNS queries to try and find clues based on domain-name records;

          3. And lastly, they use RTT triangulation.

          Round-Trip Time (RTT) Triangulation is a method used to obtain the approximate geolocation of an IP address by measuring the ping latency from three different locations.



          For example, if you have three servers spread across the world in the shape of a triangle, and if you ping an IP address from all the three and get the same results for latency, then that would mean that the IP address is located right in the centre of that triangle. It's the way triangulation works, however, in this case it is used with ICMP pings.



          Resources you can read:
          What is ping? @ Wikipedia
          SIGCOMM paper about RTT triangulation






          share|improve this answer












          Such services usually use 3 ways to geolocate an IP address:



          1. Going through whois databases to search for an address;

          2. Tracking reverse DNS queries to try and find clues based on domain-name records;

          3. And lastly, they use RTT triangulation.

          Round-Trip Time (RTT) Triangulation is a method used to obtain the approximate geolocation of an IP address by measuring the ping latency from three different locations.



          For example, if you have three servers spread across the world in the shape of a triangle, and if you ping an IP address from all the three and get the same results for latency, then that would mean that the IP address is located right in the centre of that triangle. It's the way triangulation works, however, in this case it is used with ICMP pings.



          Resources you can read:
          What is ping? @ Wikipedia
          SIGCOMM paper about RTT triangulation







          share|improve this answer












          share|improve this answer



          share|improve this answer










          answered 2 hours ago









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          • Wow, I would never think that there is a triangulation based on RTT. Interesting. So if some server would like to avoid being geolocated it could introduce random lag in ICMP responses.
            – Learner
            1 hour ago
















          • Wow, I would never think that there is a triangulation based on RTT. Interesting. So if some server would like to avoid being geolocated it could introduce random lag in ICMP responses.
            – Learner
            1 hour ago















          Wow, I would never think that there is a triangulation based on RTT. Interesting. So if some server would like to avoid being geolocated it could introduce random lag in ICMP responses.
          – Learner
          1 hour ago




          Wow, I would never think that there is a triangulation based on RTT. Interesting. So if some server would like to avoid being geolocated it could introduce random lag in ICMP responses.
          – Learner
          1 hour ago

















           

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