What is a typical satellite solar panel mass?

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Does anyone know a reliable source to find the mass of solar panels on satellites (in particular GEO satellites)? I know they will vary but I am struggling to even find one data point let alone a variety...







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    Does anyone know a reliable source to find the mass of solar panels on satellites (in particular GEO satellites)? I know they will vary but I am struggling to even find one data point let alone a variety...







    share|improve this question
























      up vote
      3
      down vote

      favorite









      up vote
      3
      down vote

      favorite











      Does anyone know a reliable source to find the mass of solar panels on satellites (in particular GEO satellites)? I know they will vary but I am struggling to even find one data point let alone a variety...







      share|improve this question














      Does anyone know a reliable source to find the mass of solar panels on satellites (in particular GEO satellites)? I know they will vary but I am struggling to even find one data point let alone a variety...









      share|improve this question













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      edited Aug 22 at 19:52









      Manu H

      810621




      810621










      asked Aug 22 at 19:31









      Jez Turner

      454




      454




















          2 Answers
          2






          active

          oldest

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          up vote
          4
          down vote



          accepted










          Spectrolab's Space Solar Panels (without the substrate) are specified as:



          • 1.76 kg/m² for 3 mil thickness of coverglass

          • 2.06 kg/m² for 6 mil thickness of coverglass

          Spectrolab is the company that made the panels for the Iridium NEXT satellites' solar arrays, so this should be pretty representative of the current state.



          Iridium NEXT is a Low Earth Orbit constellation, but the specification says the panels are used in GEO as well.






          share|improve this answer


















          • 1




            A little clarification: the 3 mil or 6 mil is the thickness of the coverglass on the solar cells. The mass quoted is strictly the mass of the cell/interconnect/coverglass (known as the CIC) contribution to the panel mass and doesn't include the substrate, i.e., whatever they are glued onto. It's just the cells and the wiring connecting them to each other, no structure, no wiring to get the electricity back to the satellite bus.
            – Tristan
            Aug 22 at 20:47










          • @Tristan Added, thanks
            – called2voyage♦
            Aug 22 at 20:55










          • mil=1/1000 inch?
            – Hobbes
            Aug 24 at 7:18










          • @Hobbes Yes, it does.
            – called2voyage♦
            Aug 24 at 20:02

















          up vote
          7
          down vote













          Solar array designs vary a lot and need to be tailored to the mission they will power, so the specific power ratings (power per mass of the array—higher is better!) vary a lot as well.



          In addition to Boeing/Spectrolab mentioned by @called2voyage there are several other manufacturers of space-qualified solar arrays, such as Northrup-Grumman, Lockheed-Martin/ATK, and SpaceQuest.



          Boeing/Spectrolab produces thin-film arrays @called2voyage quotes, but they also make rigid arrays, such as those on the Juno spacecraft at Jupiter. Juno is spin-stabilized and carries a camera, so they need structural strength and the rigidity to prevent excessive blurring of images due to solar array vibrational modes. The specific power of such systems is less than those of the thin-film or blanket types of arrays. Arrays on the Boeing 702 spacecraft, designed as a GEO communications satellite bus, are also rigid.



          Northrup-Grumman is in the game with such systems as the Ultraflex and Megaflex flexible arrays that deploy into a circular geometry. (Unlike the Ultraflex info sheet, the Megaflex sheet is rather sparse on numbers) They get impressively high specific power specs, but for a few applications they aren't sufficiently rigid.



          Last year Lockheed-Martin unveiled their large thin-film arrays for their LM 2100 satellites, and I'm sure they'd sell them to anyone coming to their door with money!



          SpaceQuest makes somewhat smaller arrays, many for Cubesats, but they say they have powered spacecraft up to 1000 kg. From their web site you can download data sheets and even CAD models.



          The bottom line is that indeed solar array specific power varies a lot, mostly depending on the mission's requirements. If the mission needs strong, rigid arrays, you'll have to throw more mass per Watt at them. Data from the sources above should give you a feel for how the different technologies compare.






          share|improve this answer




















          • Thanks for this, it gives me some very useful links. Have you got any tips for future research for me as I'm spending a lot of time going down dead ends? Or have you just gained experience from doing what I have?
            – Jez Turner
            Aug 27 at 8:31










          Your Answer




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          2 Answers
          2






          active

          oldest

          votes








          2 Answers
          2






          active

          oldest

          votes









          active

          oldest

          votes






          active

          oldest

          votes








          up vote
          4
          down vote



          accepted










          Spectrolab's Space Solar Panels (without the substrate) are specified as:



          • 1.76 kg/m² for 3 mil thickness of coverglass

          • 2.06 kg/m² for 6 mil thickness of coverglass

          Spectrolab is the company that made the panels for the Iridium NEXT satellites' solar arrays, so this should be pretty representative of the current state.



          Iridium NEXT is a Low Earth Orbit constellation, but the specification says the panels are used in GEO as well.






          share|improve this answer


















          • 1




            A little clarification: the 3 mil or 6 mil is the thickness of the coverglass on the solar cells. The mass quoted is strictly the mass of the cell/interconnect/coverglass (known as the CIC) contribution to the panel mass and doesn't include the substrate, i.e., whatever they are glued onto. It's just the cells and the wiring connecting them to each other, no structure, no wiring to get the electricity back to the satellite bus.
            – Tristan
            Aug 22 at 20:47










          • @Tristan Added, thanks
            – called2voyage♦
            Aug 22 at 20:55










          • mil=1/1000 inch?
            – Hobbes
            Aug 24 at 7:18










          • @Hobbes Yes, it does.
            – called2voyage♦
            Aug 24 at 20:02














          up vote
          4
          down vote



          accepted










          Spectrolab's Space Solar Panels (without the substrate) are specified as:



          • 1.76 kg/m² for 3 mil thickness of coverglass

          • 2.06 kg/m² for 6 mil thickness of coverglass

          Spectrolab is the company that made the panels for the Iridium NEXT satellites' solar arrays, so this should be pretty representative of the current state.



          Iridium NEXT is a Low Earth Orbit constellation, but the specification says the panels are used in GEO as well.






          share|improve this answer


















          • 1




            A little clarification: the 3 mil or 6 mil is the thickness of the coverglass on the solar cells. The mass quoted is strictly the mass of the cell/interconnect/coverglass (known as the CIC) contribution to the panel mass and doesn't include the substrate, i.e., whatever they are glued onto. It's just the cells and the wiring connecting them to each other, no structure, no wiring to get the electricity back to the satellite bus.
            – Tristan
            Aug 22 at 20:47










          • @Tristan Added, thanks
            – called2voyage♦
            Aug 22 at 20:55










          • mil=1/1000 inch?
            – Hobbes
            Aug 24 at 7:18










          • @Hobbes Yes, it does.
            – called2voyage♦
            Aug 24 at 20:02












          up vote
          4
          down vote



          accepted







          up vote
          4
          down vote



          accepted






          Spectrolab's Space Solar Panels (without the substrate) are specified as:



          • 1.76 kg/m² for 3 mil thickness of coverglass

          • 2.06 kg/m² for 6 mil thickness of coverglass

          Spectrolab is the company that made the panels for the Iridium NEXT satellites' solar arrays, so this should be pretty representative of the current state.



          Iridium NEXT is a Low Earth Orbit constellation, but the specification says the panels are used in GEO as well.






          share|improve this answer














          Spectrolab's Space Solar Panels (without the substrate) are specified as:



          • 1.76 kg/m² for 3 mil thickness of coverglass

          • 2.06 kg/m² for 6 mil thickness of coverglass

          Spectrolab is the company that made the panels for the Iridium NEXT satellites' solar arrays, so this should be pretty representative of the current state.



          Iridium NEXT is a Low Earth Orbit constellation, but the specification says the panels are used in GEO as well.







          share|improve this answer














          share|improve this answer



          share|improve this answer








          edited Aug 22 at 20:54

























          answered Aug 22 at 19:51









          called2voyage♦

          15.4k666122




          15.4k666122







          • 1




            A little clarification: the 3 mil or 6 mil is the thickness of the coverglass on the solar cells. The mass quoted is strictly the mass of the cell/interconnect/coverglass (known as the CIC) contribution to the panel mass and doesn't include the substrate, i.e., whatever they are glued onto. It's just the cells and the wiring connecting them to each other, no structure, no wiring to get the electricity back to the satellite bus.
            – Tristan
            Aug 22 at 20:47










          • @Tristan Added, thanks
            – called2voyage♦
            Aug 22 at 20:55










          • mil=1/1000 inch?
            – Hobbes
            Aug 24 at 7:18










          • @Hobbes Yes, it does.
            – called2voyage♦
            Aug 24 at 20:02












          • 1




            A little clarification: the 3 mil or 6 mil is the thickness of the coverglass on the solar cells. The mass quoted is strictly the mass of the cell/interconnect/coverglass (known as the CIC) contribution to the panel mass and doesn't include the substrate, i.e., whatever they are glued onto. It's just the cells and the wiring connecting them to each other, no structure, no wiring to get the electricity back to the satellite bus.
            – Tristan
            Aug 22 at 20:47










          • @Tristan Added, thanks
            – called2voyage♦
            Aug 22 at 20:55










          • mil=1/1000 inch?
            – Hobbes
            Aug 24 at 7:18










          • @Hobbes Yes, it does.
            – called2voyage♦
            Aug 24 at 20:02







          1




          1




          A little clarification: the 3 mil or 6 mil is the thickness of the coverglass on the solar cells. The mass quoted is strictly the mass of the cell/interconnect/coverglass (known as the CIC) contribution to the panel mass and doesn't include the substrate, i.e., whatever they are glued onto. It's just the cells and the wiring connecting them to each other, no structure, no wiring to get the electricity back to the satellite bus.
          – Tristan
          Aug 22 at 20:47




          A little clarification: the 3 mil or 6 mil is the thickness of the coverglass on the solar cells. The mass quoted is strictly the mass of the cell/interconnect/coverglass (known as the CIC) contribution to the panel mass and doesn't include the substrate, i.e., whatever they are glued onto. It's just the cells and the wiring connecting them to each other, no structure, no wiring to get the electricity back to the satellite bus.
          – Tristan
          Aug 22 at 20:47












          @Tristan Added, thanks
          – called2voyage♦
          Aug 22 at 20:55




          @Tristan Added, thanks
          – called2voyage♦
          Aug 22 at 20:55












          mil=1/1000 inch?
          – Hobbes
          Aug 24 at 7:18




          mil=1/1000 inch?
          – Hobbes
          Aug 24 at 7:18












          @Hobbes Yes, it does.
          – called2voyage♦
          Aug 24 at 20:02




          @Hobbes Yes, it does.
          – called2voyage♦
          Aug 24 at 20:02










          up vote
          7
          down vote













          Solar array designs vary a lot and need to be tailored to the mission they will power, so the specific power ratings (power per mass of the array—higher is better!) vary a lot as well.



          In addition to Boeing/Spectrolab mentioned by @called2voyage there are several other manufacturers of space-qualified solar arrays, such as Northrup-Grumman, Lockheed-Martin/ATK, and SpaceQuest.



          Boeing/Spectrolab produces thin-film arrays @called2voyage quotes, but they also make rigid arrays, such as those on the Juno spacecraft at Jupiter. Juno is spin-stabilized and carries a camera, so they need structural strength and the rigidity to prevent excessive blurring of images due to solar array vibrational modes. The specific power of such systems is less than those of the thin-film or blanket types of arrays. Arrays on the Boeing 702 spacecraft, designed as a GEO communications satellite bus, are also rigid.



          Northrup-Grumman is in the game with such systems as the Ultraflex and Megaflex flexible arrays that deploy into a circular geometry. (Unlike the Ultraflex info sheet, the Megaflex sheet is rather sparse on numbers) They get impressively high specific power specs, but for a few applications they aren't sufficiently rigid.



          Last year Lockheed-Martin unveiled their large thin-film arrays for their LM 2100 satellites, and I'm sure they'd sell them to anyone coming to their door with money!



          SpaceQuest makes somewhat smaller arrays, many for Cubesats, but they say they have powered spacecraft up to 1000 kg. From their web site you can download data sheets and even CAD models.



          The bottom line is that indeed solar array specific power varies a lot, mostly depending on the mission's requirements. If the mission needs strong, rigid arrays, you'll have to throw more mass per Watt at them. Data from the sources above should give you a feel for how the different technologies compare.






          share|improve this answer




















          • Thanks for this, it gives me some very useful links. Have you got any tips for future research for me as I'm spending a lot of time going down dead ends? Or have you just gained experience from doing what I have?
            – Jez Turner
            Aug 27 at 8:31














          up vote
          7
          down vote













          Solar array designs vary a lot and need to be tailored to the mission they will power, so the specific power ratings (power per mass of the array—higher is better!) vary a lot as well.



          In addition to Boeing/Spectrolab mentioned by @called2voyage there are several other manufacturers of space-qualified solar arrays, such as Northrup-Grumman, Lockheed-Martin/ATK, and SpaceQuest.



          Boeing/Spectrolab produces thin-film arrays @called2voyage quotes, but they also make rigid arrays, such as those on the Juno spacecraft at Jupiter. Juno is spin-stabilized and carries a camera, so they need structural strength and the rigidity to prevent excessive blurring of images due to solar array vibrational modes. The specific power of such systems is less than those of the thin-film or blanket types of arrays. Arrays on the Boeing 702 spacecraft, designed as a GEO communications satellite bus, are also rigid.



          Northrup-Grumman is in the game with such systems as the Ultraflex and Megaflex flexible arrays that deploy into a circular geometry. (Unlike the Ultraflex info sheet, the Megaflex sheet is rather sparse on numbers) They get impressively high specific power specs, but for a few applications they aren't sufficiently rigid.



          Last year Lockheed-Martin unveiled their large thin-film arrays for their LM 2100 satellites, and I'm sure they'd sell them to anyone coming to their door with money!



          SpaceQuest makes somewhat smaller arrays, many for Cubesats, but they say they have powered spacecraft up to 1000 kg. From their web site you can download data sheets and even CAD models.



          The bottom line is that indeed solar array specific power varies a lot, mostly depending on the mission's requirements. If the mission needs strong, rigid arrays, you'll have to throw more mass per Watt at them. Data from the sources above should give you a feel for how the different technologies compare.






          share|improve this answer




















          • Thanks for this, it gives me some very useful links. Have you got any tips for future research for me as I'm spending a lot of time going down dead ends? Or have you just gained experience from doing what I have?
            – Jez Turner
            Aug 27 at 8:31












          up vote
          7
          down vote










          up vote
          7
          down vote









          Solar array designs vary a lot and need to be tailored to the mission they will power, so the specific power ratings (power per mass of the array—higher is better!) vary a lot as well.



          In addition to Boeing/Spectrolab mentioned by @called2voyage there are several other manufacturers of space-qualified solar arrays, such as Northrup-Grumman, Lockheed-Martin/ATK, and SpaceQuest.



          Boeing/Spectrolab produces thin-film arrays @called2voyage quotes, but they also make rigid arrays, such as those on the Juno spacecraft at Jupiter. Juno is spin-stabilized and carries a camera, so they need structural strength and the rigidity to prevent excessive blurring of images due to solar array vibrational modes. The specific power of such systems is less than those of the thin-film or blanket types of arrays. Arrays on the Boeing 702 spacecraft, designed as a GEO communications satellite bus, are also rigid.



          Northrup-Grumman is in the game with such systems as the Ultraflex and Megaflex flexible arrays that deploy into a circular geometry. (Unlike the Ultraflex info sheet, the Megaflex sheet is rather sparse on numbers) They get impressively high specific power specs, but for a few applications they aren't sufficiently rigid.



          Last year Lockheed-Martin unveiled their large thin-film arrays for their LM 2100 satellites, and I'm sure they'd sell them to anyone coming to their door with money!



          SpaceQuest makes somewhat smaller arrays, many for Cubesats, but they say they have powered spacecraft up to 1000 kg. From their web site you can download data sheets and even CAD models.



          The bottom line is that indeed solar array specific power varies a lot, mostly depending on the mission's requirements. If the mission needs strong, rigid arrays, you'll have to throw more mass per Watt at them. Data from the sources above should give you a feel for how the different technologies compare.






          share|improve this answer












          Solar array designs vary a lot and need to be tailored to the mission they will power, so the specific power ratings (power per mass of the array—higher is better!) vary a lot as well.



          In addition to Boeing/Spectrolab mentioned by @called2voyage there are several other manufacturers of space-qualified solar arrays, such as Northrup-Grumman, Lockheed-Martin/ATK, and SpaceQuest.



          Boeing/Spectrolab produces thin-film arrays @called2voyage quotes, but they also make rigid arrays, such as those on the Juno spacecraft at Jupiter. Juno is spin-stabilized and carries a camera, so they need structural strength and the rigidity to prevent excessive blurring of images due to solar array vibrational modes. The specific power of such systems is less than those of the thin-film or blanket types of arrays. Arrays on the Boeing 702 spacecraft, designed as a GEO communications satellite bus, are also rigid.



          Northrup-Grumman is in the game with such systems as the Ultraflex and Megaflex flexible arrays that deploy into a circular geometry. (Unlike the Ultraflex info sheet, the Megaflex sheet is rather sparse on numbers) They get impressively high specific power specs, but for a few applications they aren't sufficiently rigid.



          Last year Lockheed-Martin unveiled their large thin-film arrays for their LM 2100 satellites, and I'm sure they'd sell them to anyone coming to their door with money!



          SpaceQuest makes somewhat smaller arrays, many for Cubesats, but they say they have powered spacecraft up to 1000 kg. From their web site you can download data sheets and even CAD models.



          The bottom line is that indeed solar array specific power varies a lot, mostly depending on the mission's requirements. If the mission needs strong, rigid arrays, you'll have to throw more mass per Watt at them. Data from the sources above should give you a feel for how the different technologies compare.







          share|improve this answer












          share|improve this answer



          share|improve this answer










          answered Aug 22 at 20:50









          Tom Spilker

          6,5631244




          6,5631244











          • Thanks for this, it gives me some very useful links. Have you got any tips for future research for me as I'm spending a lot of time going down dead ends? Or have you just gained experience from doing what I have?
            – Jez Turner
            Aug 27 at 8:31
















          • Thanks for this, it gives me some very useful links. Have you got any tips for future research for me as I'm spending a lot of time going down dead ends? Or have you just gained experience from doing what I have?
            – Jez Turner
            Aug 27 at 8:31















          Thanks for this, it gives me some very useful links. Have you got any tips for future research for me as I'm spending a lot of time going down dead ends? Or have you just gained experience from doing what I have?
          – Jez Turner
          Aug 27 at 8:31




          Thanks for this, it gives me some very useful links. Have you got any tips for future research for me as I'm spending a lot of time going down dead ends? Or have you just gained experience from doing what I have?
          – Jez Turner
          Aug 27 at 8:31

















           

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