Bash: Check if ONE and ONLY ONE of several variables equals

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up vote
3
down vote

favorite

I'm trying to properly format "and" when it comes to reading time. I'd like to try to figure out how to only echo "and" before the last value (whether it be Hours, Minutes, or Seconds) and only if there's more than one value (need two values, ie: 2 Days, and 5 minutes, or 2 Days, 12 hours, and 5 minutes)

I don't know the proper syntax to say, if ONLY one of the values, H, M, and S is greater than 0, then $DAnd="and ".
This would be repeated for hours as well, so if ONLY of the values, M and S is greater than 0, then "$HAnd="and ".
For minutes, it's easy, as it's only checking to see if S is greater than 0.

How does one achieve this without making a large mess of code?

My current script:

#!/bin/bash
TIME1="08/15/2018 10:30:41"
TIME2="08/30/2018 8:34:40"
SEC1=`date +%s -d "$TIME1"`
SEC2=`date +%s -d "$TIME2"`
DIFF=`expr $SEC2 - $SEC1`
CONVERTTIME()

echo
echo "TIME DIFFERENCE: $(CONVERTTIME $DIFF)"
echo

bash

share|improve this question

edited Aug 22 at 16:02

asked Aug 22 at 15:34

eptesicus

233

• 
  
  
  

  
  1
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  I recommend you install the dateutils package so you don't have to reinvent the wheel.
  – Wildcard
  Aug 22 at 16:14
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  @Wildcard, how would you do that with dateutils? Off the top of the man page, I can't see how to get that output format.
  – ilkkachu
  Aug 22 at 16:44
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  @ilkkachu, it was a general comment; I don't think dateutils can handle specifically the use case of including the "and" string before the final unit, and leaving out the units that are 0. But it can easily compute the diff between two dates (provided in any format you like) and print the output according to any static format string you like. So not an answer to this precise use case, but hopefully useful for future readers anyway.
  – Wildcard
  Aug 22 at 17:46
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

up vote
3
down vote

favorite

I'm trying to properly format "and" when it comes to reading time. I'd like to try to figure out how to only echo "and" before the last value (whether it be Hours, Minutes, or Seconds) and only if there's more than one value (need two values, ie: 2 Days, and 5 minutes, or 2 Days, 12 hours, and 5 minutes)

I don't know the proper syntax to say, if ONLY one of the values, H, M, and S is greater than 0, then $DAnd="and ".
This would be repeated for hours as well, so if ONLY of the values, M and S is greater than 0, then "$HAnd="and ".
For minutes, it's easy, as it's only checking to see if S is greater than 0.

How does one achieve this without making a large mess of code?

My current script:

#!/bin/bash
TIME1="08/15/2018 10:30:41"
TIME2="08/30/2018 8:34:40"
SEC1=`date +%s -d "$TIME1"`
SEC2=`date +%s -d "$TIME2"`
DIFF=`expr $SEC2 - $SEC1`
CONVERTTIME()

echo
echo "TIME DIFFERENCE: $(CONVERTTIME $DIFF)"
echo

bash

share|improve this question

edited Aug 22 at 16:02

asked Aug 22 at 15:34

eptesicus

233

• 
  
  
  

  
  1
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  I recommend you install the dateutils package so you don't have to reinvent the wheel.
  – Wildcard
  Aug 22 at 16:14
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  @Wildcard, how would you do that with dateutils? Off the top of the man page, I can't see how to get that output format.
  – ilkkachu
  Aug 22 at 16:44
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  @ilkkachu, it was a general comment; I don't think dateutils can handle specifically the use case of including the "and" string before the final unit, and leaving out the units that are 0. But it can easily compute the diff between two dates (provided in any format you like) and print the output according to any static format string you like. So not an answer to this precise use case, but hopefully useful for future readers anyway.
  – Wildcard
  Aug 22 at 17:46
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

up vote
3
down vote

favorite

up vote
3
down vote

favorite

I'm trying to properly format "and" when it comes to reading time. I'd like to try to figure out how to only echo "and" before the last value (whether it be Hours, Minutes, or Seconds) and only if there's more than one value (need two values, ie: 2 Days, and 5 minutes, or 2 Days, 12 hours, and 5 minutes)

I don't know the proper syntax to say, if ONLY one of the values, H, M, and S is greater than 0, then $DAnd="and ".
This would be repeated for hours as well, so if ONLY of the values, M and S is greater than 0, then "$HAnd="and ".
For minutes, it's easy, as it's only checking to see if S is greater than 0.

How does one achieve this without making a large mess of code?

My current script:

#!/bin/bash
TIME1="08/15/2018 10:30:41"
TIME2="08/30/2018 8:34:40"
SEC1=`date +%s -d "$TIME1"`
SEC2=`date +%s -d "$TIME2"`
DIFF=`expr $SEC2 - $SEC1`
CONVERTTIME()

echo
echo "TIME DIFFERENCE: $(CONVERTTIME $DIFF)"
echo

bash

share|improve this question

edited Aug 22 at 16:02

asked Aug 22 at 15:34

eptesicus

233

I'm trying to properly format "and" when it comes to reading time. I'd like to try to figure out how to only echo "and" before the last value (whether it be Hours, Minutes, or Seconds) and only if there's more than one value (need two values, ie: 2 Days, and 5 minutes, or 2 Days, 12 hours, and 5 minutes)

I don't know the proper syntax to say, if ONLY one of the values, H, M, and S is greater than 0, then $DAnd="and ".
This would be repeated for hours as well, so if ONLY of the values, M and S is greater than 0, then "$HAnd="and ".
For minutes, it's easy, as it's only checking to see if S is greater than 0.

How does one achieve this without making a large mess of code?

My current script:

#!/bin/bash
TIME1="08/15/2018 10:30:41"
TIME2="08/30/2018 8:34:40"
SEC1=`date +%s -d "$TIME1"`
SEC2=`date +%s -d "$TIME2"`
DIFF=`expr $SEC2 - $SEC1`
CONVERTTIME()

echo
echo "TIME DIFFERENCE: $(CONVERTTIME $DIFF)"
echo

bash

share|improve this question

edited Aug 22 at 16:02

asked Aug 22 at 15:34

eptesicus

233

share|improve this question

share|improve this question

edited Aug 22 at 16:02

edited Aug 22 at 16:02

edited Aug 22 at 16:02

asked Aug 22 at 15:34

eptesicus

233

asked Aug 22 at 15:34

eptesicus

233

asked Aug 22 at 15:34

eptesicus

233

233

• 
  
  
  

  
  1
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  I recommend you install the dateutils package so you don't have to reinvent the wheel.
  – Wildcard
  Aug 22 at 16:14
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  @Wildcard, how would you do that with dateutils? Off the top of the man page, I can't see how to get that output format.
  – ilkkachu
  Aug 22 at 16:44
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  @ilkkachu, it was a general comment; I don't think dateutils can handle specifically the use case of including the "and" string before the final unit, and leaving out the units that are 0. But it can easily compute the diff between two dates (provided in any format you like) and print the output according to any static format string you like. So not an answer to this precise use case, but hopefully useful for future readers anyway.
  – Wildcard
  Aug 22 at 17:46
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

• 
  
  
  

  
  1
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  I recommend you install the dateutils package so you don't have to reinvent the wheel.
  – Wildcard
  Aug 22 at 16:14
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  @Wildcard, how would you do that with dateutils? Off the top of the man page, I can't see how to get that output format.
  – ilkkachu
  Aug 22 at 16:44
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  @ilkkachu, it was a general comment; I don't think dateutils can handle specifically the use case of including the "and" string before the final unit, and leaving out the units that are 0. But it can easily compute the diff between two dates (provided in any format you like) and print the output according to any static format string you like. So not an answer to this precise use case, but hopefully useful for future readers anyway.
  – Wildcard
  Aug 22 at 17:46
  

  
  
  
  

1

1

I recommend you install the dateutils package so you don't have to reinvent the wheel.
– Wildcard
Aug 22 at 16:14

I recommend you install the dateutils package so you don't have to reinvent the wheel.
– Wildcard
Aug 22 at 16:14

@Wildcard, how would you do that with dateutils? Off the top of the man page, I can't see how to get that output format.
– ilkkachu
Aug 22 at 16:44

@Wildcard, how would you do that with dateutils? Off the top of the man page, I can't see how to get that output format.
– ilkkachu
Aug 22 at 16:44

@ilkkachu, it was a general comment; I don't think dateutils can handle specifically the use case of including the "and" string before the final unit, and leaving out the units that are 0. But it can easily compute the diff between two dates (provided in any format you like) and print the output according to any static format string you like. So not an answer to this precise use case, but hopefully useful for future readers anyway.
– Wildcard
Aug 22 at 17:46

@ilkkachu, it was a general comment; I don't think dateutils can handle specifically the use case of including the "and" string before the final unit, and leaving out the units that are 0. But it can easily compute the diff between two dates (provided in any format you like) and print the output according to any static format string you like. So not an answer to this precise use case, but hopefully useful for future readers anyway.
– Wildcard
Aug 22 at 17:46

add a comment | 

4 Answers
4

active

oldest

votes

up vote
3
down vote



accepted

I'd write that as

seconds2text() 
 local diff=$1
 local words=()
 if (( diff == 0 )); then
 words=("0 seconds")
 else
 local s=$((diff % 60))
 local m=$((diff / 60 % 60))
 local h=$((diff / 60 / 60 % 24))
 local d=$((diff / 60 / 60 / 24))

 (( d > 0 )) && unit=day; (( d > 1 )) && unit+=s; words+=("$d $unit"); ;
 (( h > 0 )) && unit=hour; (( h > 1 )) && unit+=s; words+=("$h $unit"); 
 (( m > 0 )) && unit=minute; (( m > 1 )) && unit+=s; words+=("$m $unit"); 
 (( s > 0 )) && unit=second; (( s > 1 )) && unit+=s; words+=("$s $unit"); 
 (( $#words[@] > 1 )) && words[-1]="and $words[-1]"
 fi
 local IFS=,
 local text="$words[*]"
 text=$text/,and/ and
 echo "$text//,/, "

and then

$ for d in 0 1 61 3600 3601 3660 3661 86400 86401 86460 86461 90000 90001 90060 90061 180122; do seconds2text $d; done
0 seconds
1 second
1 minute and 1 second
1 hour
1 hour and 1 second
1 hour and 1 minute
1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
1 day
1 day and 1 second
1 day and 1 minute
1 day, 1 minute and 1 second
1 day and 1 hour
1 day, 1 hour and 1 second
1 day, 1 hour and 1 minute
1 day, 1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
2 days, 2 hours, 2 minutes and 2 seconds

Notes:

• 
  [[ $x > 0 ]] and [[ $x = 0 ]] are doing string comparison, not numeric comparison. Use ((x > 0)) and ((x == 0)) instead (and note that the $ is not required there).


• get out of the habit of using ALLCAPS variables. Leave those for the shell. One day you'll write PATH=something and then wonder why your script is broken.

share|improve this answer

answered Aug 22 at 16:12

glenn jackman

47k265103

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  in zsh, you could write path=something and still wonder why the script broke.
  – ilkkachu
  Aug 22 at 16:38
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

up vote
1
down vote

With zsh:

#! /bin/zsh -
t1=$1?first date please
t2=$2?second date please

zmodload zsh/datetime
strftime -rst1 '%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S' "$t1" || exit
strftime -rst2 '%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S' "$t2" || exit

t=$((t2 - t1))
if ((t)) 
 and=' and' out= plural=s
 for unit duration (
 second 60
 minute 60
 hour 24
 day 7
 week t+1
 ) 
 ((n = t % duration))
 ((t /= duration))
 ((n > 0)) && out="$and $n $unit$plural: n<2$out" and=,
 ((t)) 
 out=$out#?* 
 else 
 out=now

echo "$out"

Then:

./that-script "08/15/2018 10:30:41" "08/30/2018 8:34:40"
2 weeks, 22 hours, 3 minutes and 59 seconds

share|improve this answer

answered Aug 22 at 19:26

Stéphane Chazelas

283k53521854

add a comment | 

up vote
0
down vote

How about combining the date command with a sed script )for a date / time difference less than a year)? Try

date +"%j d, %H h, %M m, %S s" -d@$(((d-90000))) | sed -r 's/, 0*00 .//g; s/365 d,* *//; s/ ([0-9]2 [dhms])$/ and 1/; s/(^| )0+/1/g; s/^$/0 s/; s/([02-9] [dhms])/1s/g; s/ d(s|,|$)/ day1/; s/ h/ hour/; s/ m/ minute/; s/ s/ second/'

Stealing the test loop from glenn jackman's post:

for DIFF in 0 1 61 3600 3601 3660 3661 86400 86401 86460 86461 90000 90001 90060 90061 180122
 do date +"%j d, %H h, %M m, %S s" -d@$(((DIFF-90000))) |
sed -r '
s/, 0*00 .//g
s/365 d,* *//
s/ ([0-9]2 [dhms])$/ and 1/
s/(^| )0+/1/g
s/^$/0 s/
s/([02-9] [dhms])/1s/g
s/ d(s|,|$)/ day1/
s/ h/ hour/
s/ m/ minute/
s/ s/ second/
'; done
0 seconds
1 second
1 minute, and 1 second
1 hour
1 hour, and 1 second
1 hour, and 1 minute
1 hour, 1 minute, and 1 second
1 day
1 day, and 1 second
1 day, and 1 minute
1 day, 1 minute, and 1 second
1 day, and 1 hour
1 day, 1 hour, and 1 second
1 day, 1 hour, and 1 minute
1 day, 1 hour, 1 minute, and 1 second
2 days, 2 hours, 2 minutes, and 2 seconds

(I know it will fail to add the plural s at any number ending in 1, e.g. 11, 21 etc...)

share|improve this answer

edited Aug 22 at 20:36

answered Aug 22 at 20:29

RudiC

1,1616

add a comment | 

up vote
0
down vote

An alternative solution that prints up to weeks:

s2t() 
 local i=$1:-0 j str w n c=0 res
 ((i==0))&& echo "0 seconds"; return; # with input zero result zero.

 # s m h d w <-- weigths
 w=(60 60 24 1 7)
 n=(seconds minutes hours days weeks) # names.
 for j in 0 1 2; do (( str[j]=i%w[j], i/=w[j] )); done # calculate s m h.
 (( str[4]=i/w[4], i-=str[4]*w[4] )); # calculate w.
 str[3]=$i # days remaining.

 for j in 4..0; do
 ((str[j]==0)) && unset str[j] # do not print empty items.
 res=$res$str[j]+"$str[j] $n[j], " # build the resulting string.
 ((str[j]==1))&&res=$res//"$n[j]"/"$n[j]%?" # remove trailing `s`.
 c=$(( c $str[j]++1 )) # count the number of fields.
 done

 res=$res# # remove leading empty space.
 res=$res%, # remove trailing `, `
 ((c>1)) && res="$res%,* and$res##*," # add the `and`

 echo "$res" # final string printed.

Testing (a long list of values):

$ a='0 1 60 3600 86400 604800 61 3601 86401 604801 3660 86460 604860 90000 608400 691200 3661 86461 604861 90001 608401 691201 90060 608460 691260 694800 90061 608461 691261 694801 694860 694861 2084583'

Results:

$ for d in $a; do s2t "$d"; done
0 seconds
1 second
1 minute
1 hour
1 day
1 week
1 minute and 1 second
1 hour and 1 second
1 day and 1 second
1 week and 1 second
1 hour and 1 minute
1 day and 1 minute
1 week and 1 minute
1 day and 1 hour
1 week and 1 hour
1 week and 1 day
1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
1 day, 1 minute and 1 second
1 week, 1 minute and 1 second
1 day, 1 hour and 1 second
1 week, 1 hour and 1 second
1 week, 1 day and 1 second
1 day, 1 hour and 1 minute
1 week, 1 hour and 1 minute
1 week, 1 day and 1 minute
1 week, 1 day and 1 hour
1 day, 1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
1 week, 1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
1 week, 1 day, 1 minute and 1 second
1 week, 1 day, 1 hour and 1 second
1 week, 1 day, 1 hour and 1 minute
1 week, 1 day, 1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
3 weeks, 3 days, 3 hours, 3 minutes and 3 seconds

Below is a second solution that transform up to centuries which include months of 30 days and years of 365 days. That makes this solution only approximate because there is no exact solution for months (that are supposed to be close to 30.436875 in average) or years (which are close to 364.2524 in average).

The test values are a lot longer:

a='0 1 60 3600 604800 2592000 31536000 86400 61 3601 604801 2592001 31536001 86401 3660 604860 2592060 31536060 86460 608400 2595600 31539600 90000 3196800 32140800 691200 34128000 2678400 31622400 3661 604861 2592061 31536061 86461 608401 2595601 31539601 90001 3196801 32140801 691201 34128001 2678401 31622401 608460 2595660 31539660 90060 3196860 32140860 691260 34128060 2678460 31622460 3200400 32144400 694800 34131600 2682000 31626000 34732800 3283200 32227200 34214400 608461 2595661 31539661 90061 3196861 32140861 691261 34128061 2678461 31622461 3200401 32144401 694801 34131601 2682001 31626001 34732801 3283201 32227201 34214401 3200460 32144460 694860 34131660 2682060 31626060 34732860 3283260 32227260 34214460 34736400 3286800 32230800 34218000 34819200 3200461 32144461 694861 34131661 2682061 31626061 34732861 3283261 32227261 34214461 34736401 3286801 32230801 34218001 34819201 34736460 3286860 32230860 34218060 34819260 34822800 34736461 3286861 32230861 34218061 34819261 34822801 34822860 34822861 9565268583'

The result is also quite long, I will show only some values:

0 seconds
1 second
1 minute
1 hour
1 week
1 month
1 year
1 day
1 century and 1 second
1 day, 1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
1 year, 1 week, 1 hour and 1 minute
3 centuries, 3 years, 3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days, 3 hours, 3 minutes and 3 seconds

share|improve this answer

answered Aug 25 at 0:04

Isaac

6,8001834

add a comment | 

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4 Answers
4

active

oldest

votes

4 Answers
4

active

oldest

votes

active

oldest

votes

active

oldest

votes

up vote
3
down vote



accepted

I'd write that as

seconds2text() 
 local diff=$1
 local words=()
 if (( diff == 0 )); then
 words=("0 seconds")
 else
 local s=$((diff % 60))
 local m=$((diff / 60 % 60))
 local h=$((diff / 60 / 60 % 24))
 local d=$((diff / 60 / 60 / 24))

 (( d > 0 )) && unit=day; (( d > 1 )) && unit+=s; words+=("$d $unit"); ;
 (( h > 0 )) && unit=hour; (( h > 1 )) && unit+=s; words+=("$h $unit"); 
 (( m > 0 )) && unit=minute; (( m > 1 )) && unit+=s; words+=("$m $unit"); 
 (( s > 0 )) && unit=second; (( s > 1 )) && unit+=s; words+=("$s $unit"); 
 (( $#words[@] > 1 )) && words[-1]="and $words[-1]"
 fi
 local IFS=,
 local text="$words[*]"
 text=$text/,and/ and
 echo "$text//,/, "

and then

$ for d in 0 1 61 3600 3601 3660 3661 86400 86401 86460 86461 90000 90001 90060 90061 180122; do seconds2text $d; done
0 seconds
1 second
1 minute and 1 second
1 hour
1 hour and 1 second
1 hour and 1 minute
1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
1 day
1 day and 1 second
1 day and 1 minute
1 day, 1 minute and 1 second
1 day and 1 hour
1 day, 1 hour and 1 second
1 day, 1 hour and 1 minute
1 day, 1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
2 days, 2 hours, 2 minutes and 2 seconds

Notes:

• 
  [[ $x > 0 ]] and [[ $x = 0 ]] are doing string comparison, not numeric comparison. Use ((x > 0)) and ((x == 0)) instead (and note that the $ is not required there).


• get out of the habit of using ALLCAPS variables. Leave those for the shell. One day you'll write PATH=something and then wonder why your script is broken.

share|improve this answer

answered Aug 22 at 16:12

glenn jackman

47k265103

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  in zsh, you could write path=something and still wonder why the script broke.
  – ilkkachu
  Aug 22 at 16:38
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

up vote
3
down vote



accepted

I'd write that as

seconds2text() 
 local diff=$1
 local words=()
 if (( diff == 0 )); then
 words=("0 seconds")
 else
 local s=$((diff % 60))
 local m=$((diff / 60 % 60))
 local h=$((diff / 60 / 60 % 24))
 local d=$((diff / 60 / 60 / 24))

 (( d > 0 )) && unit=day; (( d > 1 )) && unit+=s; words+=("$d $unit"); ;
 (( h > 0 )) && unit=hour; (( h > 1 )) && unit+=s; words+=("$h $unit"); 
 (( m > 0 )) && unit=minute; (( m > 1 )) && unit+=s; words+=("$m $unit"); 
 (( s > 0 )) && unit=second; (( s > 1 )) && unit+=s; words+=("$s $unit"); 
 (( $#words[@] > 1 )) && words[-1]="and $words[-1]"
 fi
 local IFS=,
 local text="$words[*]"
 text=$text/,and/ and
 echo "$text//,/, "

and then

$ for d in 0 1 61 3600 3601 3660 3661 86400 86401 86460 86461 90000 90001 90060 90061 180122; do seconds2text $d; done
0 seconds
1 second
1 minute and 1 second
1 hour
1 hour and 1 second
1 hour and 1 minute
1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
1 day
1 day and 1 second
1 day and 1 minute
1 day, 1 minute and 1 second
1 day and 1 hour
1 day, 1 hour and 1 second
1 day, 1 hour and 1 minute
1 day, 1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
2 days, 2 hours, 2 minutes and 2 seconds

Notes:

• 
  [[ $x > 0 ]] and [[ $x = 0 ]] are doing string comparison, not numeric comparison. Use ((x > 0)) and ((x == 0)) instead (and note that the $ is not required there).


• get out of the habit of using ALLCAPS variables. Leave those for the shell. One day you'll write PATH=something and then wonder why your script is broken.

share|improve this answer

answered Aug 22 at 16:12

glenn jackman

47k265103

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  in zsh, you could write path=something and still wonder why the script broke.
  – ilkkachu
  Aug 22 at 16:38
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

up vote
3
down vote



accepted

up vote
3
down vote



accepted

I'd write that as

seconds2text() 
 local diff=$1
 local words=()
 if (( diff == 0 )); then
 words=("0 seconds")
 else
 local s=$((diff % 60))
 local m=$((diff / 60 % 60))
 local h=$((diff / 60 / 60 % 24))
 local d=$((diff / 60 / 60 / 24))

 (( d > 0 )) && unit=day; (( d > 1 )) && unit+=s; words+=("$d $unit"); ;
 (( h > 0 )) && unit=hour; (( h > 1 )) && unit+=s; words+=("$h $unit"); 
 (( m > 0 )) && unit=minute; (( m > 1 )) && unit+=s; words+=("$m $unit"); 
 (( s > 0 )) && unit=second; (( s > 1 )) && unit+=s; words+=("$s $unit"); 
 (( $#words[@] > 1 )) && words[-1]="and $words[-1]"
 fi
 local IFS=,
 local text="$words[*]"
 text=$text/,and/ and
 echo "$text//,/, "

and then

$ for d in 0 1 61 3600 3601 3660 3661 86400 86401 86460 86461 90000 90001 90060 90061 180122; do seconds2text $d; done
0 seconds
1 second
1 minute and 1 second
1 hour
1 hour and 1 second
1 hour and 1 minute
1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
1 day
1 day and 1 second
1 day and 1 minute
1 day, 1 minute and 1 second
1 day and 1 hour
1 day, 1 hour and 1 second
1 day, 1 hour and 1 minute
1 day, 1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
2 days, 2 hours, 2 minutes and 2 seconds

Notes:

• 
  [[ $x > 0 ]] and [[ $x = 0 ]] are doing string comparison, not numeric comparison. Use ((x > 0)) and ((x == 0)) instead (and note that the $ is not required there).


• get out of the habit of using ALLCAPS variables. Leave those for the shell. One day you'll write PATH=something and then wonder why your script is broken.

share|improve this answer

answered Aug 22 at 16:12

glenn jackman

47k265103

I'd write that as

seconds2text() 
 local diff=$1
 local words=()
 if (( diff == 0 )); then
 words=("0 seconds")
 else
 local s=$((diff % 60))
 local m=$((diff / 60 % 60))
 local h=$((diff / 60 / 60 % 24))
 local d=$((diff / 60 / 60 / 24))

 (( d > 0 )) && unit=day; (( d > 1 )) && unit+=s; words+=("$d $unit"); ;
 (( h > 0 )) && unit=hour; (( h > 1 )) && unit+=s; words+=("$h $unit"); 
 (( m > 0 )) && unit=minute; (( m > 1 )) && unit+=s; words+=("$m $unit"); 
 (( s > 0 )) && unit=second; (( s > 1 )) && unit+=s; words+=("$s $unit"); 
 (( $#words[@] > 1 )) && words[-1]="and $words[-1]"
 fi
 local IFS=,
 local text="$words[*]"
 text=$text/,and/ and
 echo "$text//,/, "

and then

$ for d in 0 1 61 3600 3601 3660 3661 86400 86401 86460 86461 90000 90001 90060 90061 180122; do seconds2text $d; done
0 seconds
1 second
1 minute and 1 second
1 hour
1 hour and 1 second
1 hour and 1 minute
1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
1 day
1 day and 1 second
1 day and 1 minute
1 day, 1 minute and 1 second
1 day and 1 hour
1 day, 1 hour and 1 second
1 day, 1 hour and 1 minute
1 day, 1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
2 days, 2 hours, 2 minutes and 2 seconds

Notes:

• 
  [[ $x > 0 ]] and [[ $x = 0 ]] are doing string comparison, not numeric comparison. Use ((x > 0)) and ((x == 0)) instead (and note that the $ is not required there).


• get out of the habit of using ALLCAPS variables. Leave those for the shell. One day you'll write PATH=something and then wonder why your script is broken.

share|improve this answer

answered Aug 22 at 16:12

glenn jackman

47k265103

share|improve this answer

share|improve this answer

answered Aug 22 at 16:12

glenn jackman

47k265103

answered Aug 22 at 16:12

glenn jackman

47k265103

answered Aug 22 at 16:12

glenn jackman

47k265103

47k265103

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  in zsh, you could write path=something and still wonder why the script broke.
  – ilkkachu
  Aug 22 at 16:38
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  in zsh, you could write path=something and still wonder why the script broke.
  – ilkkachu
  Aug 22 at 16:38
  

  
  
  
  

in zsh, you could write path=something and still wonder why the script broke.
– ilkkachu
Aug 22 at 16:38

in zsh, you could write path=something and still wonder why the script broke.
– ilkkachu
Aug 22 at 16:38

add a comment | 

up vote
1
down vote

With zsh:

#! /bin/zsh -
t1=$1?first date please
t2=$2?second date please

zmodload zsh/datetime
strftime -rst1 '%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S' "$t1" || exit
strftime -rst2 '%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S' "$t2" || exit

t=$((t2 - t1))
if ((t)) 
 and=' and' out= plural=s
 for unit duration (
 second 60
 minute 60
 hour 24
 day 7
 week t+1
 ) 
 ((n = t % duration))
 ((t /= duration))
 ((n > 0)) && out="$and $n $unit$plural: n<2$out" and=,
 ((t)) 
 out=$out#?* 
 else 
 out=now

echo "$out"

Then:

./that-script "08/15/2018 10:30:41" "08/30/2018 8:34:40"
2 weeks, 22 hours, 3 minutes and 59 seconds

share|improve this answer

answered Aug 22 at 19:26

Stéphane Chazelas

283k53521854

add a comment | 

up vote
1
down vote

With zsh:

#! /bin/zsh -
t1=$1?first date please
t2=$2?second date please

zmodload zsh/datetime
strftime -rst1 '%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S' "$t1" || exit
strftime -rst2 '%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S' "$t2" || exit

t=$((t2 - t1))
if ((t)) 
 and=' and' out= plural=s
 for unit duration (
 second 60
 minute 60
 hour 24
 day 7
 week t+1
 ) 
 ((n = t % duration))
 ((t /= duration))
 ((n > 0)) && out="$and $n $unit$plural: n<2$out" and=,
 ((t)) 
 out=$out#?* 
 else 
 out=now

echo "$out"

Then:

./that-script "08/15/2018 10:30:41" "08/30/2018 8:34:40"
2 weeks, 22 hours, 3 minutes and 59 seconds

share|improve this answer

answered Aug 22 at 19:26

Stéphane Chazelas

283k53521854

add a comment | 

up vote
1
down vote

up vote
1
down vote

With zsh:

#! /bin/zsh -
t1=$1?first date please
t2=$2?second date please

zmodload zsh/datetime
strftime -rst1 '%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S' "$t1" || exit
strftime -rst2 '%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S' "$t2" || exit

t=$((t2 - t1))
if ((t)) 
 and=' and' out= plural=s
 for unit duration (
 second 60
 minute 60
 hour 24
 day 7
 week t+1
 ) 
 ((n = t % duration))
 ((t /= duration))
 ((n > 0)) && out="$and $n $unit$plural: n<2$out" and=,
 ((t)) 
 out=$out#?* 
 else 
 out=now

echo "$out"

Then:

./that-script "08/15/2018 10:30:41" "08/30/2018 8:34:40"
2 weeks, 22 hours, 3 minutes and 59 seconds

share|improve this answer

answered Aug 22 at 19:26

Stéphane Chazelas

283k53521854

With zsh:

#! /bin/zsh -
t1=$1?first date please
t2=$2?second date please

zmodload zsh/datetime
strftime -rst1 '%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S' "$t1" || exit
strftime -rst2 '%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S' "$t2" || exit

t=$((t2 - t1))
if ((t)) 
 and=' and' out= plural=s
 for unit duration (
 second 60
 minute 60
 hour 24
 day 7
 week t+1
 ) 
 ((n = t % duration))
 ((t /= duration))
 ((n > 0)) && out="$and $n $unit$plural: n<2$out" and=,
 ((t)) 
 out=$out#?* 
 else 
 out=now

echo "$out"

Then:

./that-script "08/15/2018 10:30:41" "08/30/2018 8:34:40"
2 weeks, 22 hours, 3 minutes and 59 seconds

share|improve this answer

answered Aug 22 at 19:26

Stéphane Chazelas

283k53521854

share|improve this answer

share|improve this answer

answered Aug 22 at 19:26

Stéphane Chazelas

283k53521854

answered Aug 22 at 19:26

Stéphane Chazelas

283k53521854

answered Aug 22 at 19:26

Stéphane Chazelas

283k53521854

283k53521854

add a comment | 

add a comment | 

up vote
0
down vote

How about combining the date command with a sed script )for a date / time difference less than a year)? Try

date +"%j d, %H h, %M m, %S s" -d@$(((d-90000))) | sed -r 's/, 0*00 .//g; s/365 d,* *//; s/ ([0-9]2 [dhms])$/ and 1/; s/(^| )0+/1/g; s/^$/0 s/; s/([02-9] [dhms])/1s/g; s/ d(s|,|$)/ day1/; s/ h/ hour/; s/ m/ minute/; s/ s/ second/'

Stealing the test loop from glenn jackman's post:

for DIFF in 0 1 61 3600 3601 3660 3661 86400 86401 86460 86461 90000 90001 90060 90061 180122
 do date +"%j d, %H h, %M m, %S s" -d@$(((DIFF-90000))) |
sed -r '
s/, 0*00 .//g
s/365 d,* *//
s/ ([0-9]2 [dhms])$/ and 1/
s/(^| )0+/1/g
s/^$/0 s/
s/([02-9] [dhms])/1s/g
s/ d(s|,|$)/ day1/
s/ h/ hour/
s/ m/ minute/
s/ s/ second/
'; done
0 seconds
1 second
1 minute, and 1 second
1 hour
1 hour, and 1 second
1 hour, and 1 minute
1 hour, 1 minute, and 1 second
1 day
1 day, and 1 second
1 day, and 1 minute
1 day, 1 minute, and 1 second
1 day, and 1 hour
1 day, 1 hour, and 1 second
1 day, 1 hour, and 1 minute
1 day, 1 hour, 1 minute, and 1 second
2 days, 2 hours, 2 minutes, and 2 seconds

(I know it will fail to add the plural s at any number ending in 1, e.g. 11, 21 etc...)

share|improve this answer

edited Aug 22 at 20:36

answered Aug 22 at 20:29

RudiC

1,1616

add a comment | 

up vote
0
down vote

How about combining the date command with a sed script )for a date / time difference less than a year)? Try

date +"%j d, %H h, %M m, %S s" -d@$(((d-90000))) | sed -r 's/, 0*00 .//g; s/365 d,* *//; s/ ([0-9]2 [dhms])$/ and 1/; s/(^| )0+/1/g; s/^$/0 s/; s/([02-9] [dhms])/1s/g; s/ d(s|,|$)/ day1/; s/ h/ hour/; s/ m/ minute/; s/ s/ second/'

Stealing the test loop from glenn jackman's post:

for DIFF in 0 1 61 3600 3601 3660 3661 86400 86401 86460 86461 90000 90001 90060 90061 180122
 do date +"%j d, %H h, %M m, %S s" -d@$(((DIFF-90000))) |
sed -r '
s/, 0*00 .//g
s/365 d,* *//
s/ ([0-9]2 [dhms])$/ and 1/
s/(^| )0+/1/g
s/^$/0 s/
s/([02-9] [dhms])/1s/g
s/ d(s|,|$)/ day1/
s/ h/ hour/
s/ m/ minute/
s/ s/ second/
'; done
0 seconds
1 second
1 minute, and 1 second
1 hour
1 hour, and 1 second
1 hour, and 1 minute
1 hour, 1 minute, and 1 second
1 day
1 day, and 1 second
1 day, and 1 minute
1 day, 1 minute, and 1 second
1 day, and 1 hour
1 day, 1 hour, and 1 second
1 day, 1 hour, and 1 minute
1 day, 1 hour, 1 minute, and 1 second
2 days, 2 hours, 2 minutes, and 2 seconds

(I know it will fail to add the plural s at any number ending in 1, e.g. 11, 21 etc...)

share|improve this answer

edited Aug 22 at 20:36

answered Aug 22 at 20:29

RudiC

1,1616

add a comment | 

up vote
0
down vote

up vote
0
down vote

How about combining the date command with a sed script )for a date / time difference less than a year)? Try

date +"%j d, %H h, %M m, %S s" -d@$(((d-90000))) | sed -r 's/, 0*00 .//g; s/365 d,* *//; s/ ([0-9]2 [dhms])$/ and 1/; s/(^| )0+/1/g; s/^$/0 s/; s/([02-9] [dhms])/1s/g; s/ d(s|,|$)/ day1/; s/ h/ hour/; s/ m/ minute/; s/ s/ second/'

Stealing the test loop from glenn jackman's post:

for DIFF in 0 1 61 3600 3601 3660 3661 86400 86401 86460 86461 90000 90001 90060 90061 180122
 do date +"%j d, %H h, %M m, %S s" -d@$(((DIFF-90000))) |
sed -r '
s/, 0*00 .//g
s/365 d,* *//
s/ ([0-9]2 [dhms])$/ and 1/
s/(^| )0+/1/g
s/^$/0 s/
s/([02-9] [dhms])/1s/g
s/ d(s|,|$)/ day1/
s/ h/ hour/
s/ m/ minute/
s/ s/ second/
'; done
0 seconds
1 second
1 minute, and 1 second
1 hour
1 hour, and 1 second
1 hour, and 1 minute
1 hour, 1 minute, and 1 second
1 day
1 day, and 1 second
1 day, and 1 minute
1 day, 1 minute, and 1 second
1 day, and 1 hour
1 day, 1 hour, and 1 second
1 day, 1 hour, and 1 minute
1 day, 1 hour, 1 minute, and 1 second
2 days, 2 hours, 2 minutes, and 2 seconds

(I know it will fail to add the plural s at any number ending in 1, e.g. 11, 21 etc...)

share|improve this answer

edited Aug 22 at 20:36

answered Aug 22 at 20:29

RudiC

1,1616

How about combining the date command with a sed script )for a date / time difference less than a year)? Try

date +"%j d, %H h, %M m, %S s" -d@$(((d-90000))) | sed -r 's/, 0*00 .//g; s/365 d,* *//; s/ ([0-9]2 [dhms])$/ and 1/; s/(^| )0+/1/g; s/^$/0 s/; s/([02-9] [dhms])/1s/g; s/ d(s|,|$)/ day1/; s/ h/ hour/; s/ m/ minute/; s/ s/ second/'

Stealing the test loop from glenn jackman's post:

for DIFF in 0 1 61 3600 3601 3660 3661 86400 86401 86460 86461 90000 90001 90060 90061 180122
 do date +"%j d, %H h, %M m, %S s" -d@$(((DIFF-90000))) |
sed -r '
s/, 0*00 .//g
s/365 d,* *//
s/ ([0-9]2 [dhms])$/ and 1/
s/(^| )0+/1/g
s/^$/0 s/
s/([02-9] [dhms])/1s/g
s/ d(s|,|$)/ day1/
s/ h/ hour/
s/ m/ minute/
s/ s/ second/
'; done
0 seconds
1 second
1 minute, and 1 second
1 hour
1 hour, and 1 second
1 hour, and 1 minute
1 hour, 1 minute, and 1 second
1 day
1 day, and 1 second
1 day, and 1 minute
1 day, 1 minute, and 1 second
1 day, and 1 hour
1 day, 1 hour, and 1 second
1 day, 1 hour, and 1 minute
1 day, 1 hour, 1 minute, and 1 second
2 days, 2 hours, 2 minutes, and 2 seconds

(I know it will fail to add the plural s at any number ending in 1, e.g. 11, 21 etc...)

share|improve this answer

edited Aug 22 at 20:36

answered Aug 22 at 20:29

RudiC

1,1616

share|improve this answer

share|improve this answer

edited Aug 22 at 20:36

edited Aug 22 at 20:36

edited Aug 22 at 20:36

answered Aug 22 at 20:29

RudiC

1,1616

answered Aug 22 at 20:29

RudiC

1,1616

answered Aug 22 at 20:29

RudiC

1,1616

1,1616

add a comment | 

add a comment | 

up vote
0
down vote

An alternative solution that prints up to weeks:

s2t() 
 local i=$1:-0 j str w n c=0 res
 ((i==0))&& echo "0 seconds"; return; # with input zero result zero.

 # s m h d w <-- weigths
 w=(60 60 24 1 7)
 n=(seconds minutes hours days weeks) # names.
 for j in 0 1 2; do (( str[j]=i%w[j], i/=w[j] )); done # calculate s m h.
 (( str[4]=i/w[4], i-=str[4]*w[4] )); # calculate w.
 str[3]=$i # days remaining.

 for j in 4..0; do
 ((str[j]==0)) && unset str[j] # do not print empty items.
 res=$res$str[j]+"$str[j] $n[j], " # build the resulting string.
 ((str[j]==1))&&res=$res//"$n[j]"/"$n[j]%?" # remove trailing `s`.
 c=$(( c $str[j]++1 )) # count the number of fields.
 done

 res=$res# # remove leading empty space.
 res=$res%, # remove trailing `, `
 ((c>1)) && res="$res%,* and$res##*," # add the `and`

 echo "$res" # final string printed.

Testing (a long list of values):

$ a='0 1 60 3600 86400 604800 61 3601 86401 604801 3660 86460 604860 90000 608400 691200 3661 86461 604861 90001 608401 691201 90060 608460 691260 694800 90061 608461 691261 694801 694860 694861 2084583'

Results:

$ for d in $a; do s2t "$d"; done
0 seconds
1 second
1 minute
1 hour
1 day
1 week
1 minute and 1 second
1 hour and 1 second
1 day and 1 second
1 week and 1 second
1 hour and 1 minute
1 day and 1 minute
1 week and 1 minute
1 day and 1 hour
1 week and 1 hour
1 week and 1 day
1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
1 day, 1 minute and 1 second
1 week, 1 minute and 1 second
1 day, 1 hour and 1 second
1 week, 1 hour and 1 second
1 week, 1 day and 1 second
1 day, 1 hour and 1 minute
1 week, 1 hour and 1 minute
1 week, 1 day and 1 minute
1 week, 1 day and 1 hour
1 day, 1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
1 week, 1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
1 week, 1 day, 1 minute and 1 second
1 week, 1 day, 1 hour and 1 second
1 week, 1 day, 1 hour and 1 minute
1 week, 1 day, 1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
3 weeks, 3 days, 3 hours, 3 minutes and 3 seconds

Below is a second solution that transform up to centuries which include months of 30 days and years of 365 days. That makes this solution only approximate because there is no exact solution for months (that are supposed to be close to 30.436875 in average) or years (which are close to 364.2524 in average).

The test values are a lot longer:

a='0 1 60 3600 604800 2592000 31536000 86400 61 3601 604801 2592001 31536001 86401 3660 604860 2592060 31536060 86460 608400 2595600 31539600 90000 3196800 32140800 691200 34128000 2678400 31622400 3661 604861 2592061 31536061 86461 608401 2595601 31539601 90001 3196801 32140801 691201 34128001 2678401 31622401 608460 2595660 31539660 90060 3196860 32140860 691260 34128060 2678460 31622460 3200400 32144400 694800 34131600 2682000 31626000 34732800 3283200 32227200 34214400 608461 2595661 31539661 90061 3196861 32140861 691261 34128061 2678461 31622461 3200401 32144401 694801 34131601 2682001 31626001 34732801 3283201 32227201 34214401 3200460 32144460 694860 34131660 2682060 31626060 34732860 3283260 32227260 34214460 34736400 3286800 32230800 34218000 34819200 3200461 32144461 694861 34131661 2682061 31626061 34732861 3283261 32227261 34214461 34736401 3286801 32230801 34218001 34819201 34736460 3286860 32230860 34218060 34819260 34822800 34736461 3286861 32230861 34218061 34819261 34822801 34822860 34822861 9565268583'

The result is also quite long, I will show only some values:

0 seconds
1 second
1 minute
1 hour
1 week
1 month
1 year
1 day
1 century and 1 second
1 day, 1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
1 year, 1 week, 1 hour and 1 minute
3 centuries, 3 years, 3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days, 3 hours, 3 minutes and 3 seconds

share|improve this answer

answered Aug 25 at 0:04

Isaac

6,8001834

add a comment | 

up vote
0
down vote

An alternative solution that prints up to weeks:

s2t() 
 local i=$1:-0 j str w n c=0 res
 ((i==0))&& echo "0 seconds"; return; # with input zero result zero.

 # s m h d w <-- weigths
 w=(60 60 24 1 7)
 n=(seconds minutes hours days weeks) # names.
 for j in 0 1 2; do (( str[j]=i%w[j], i/=w[j] )); done # calculate s m h.
 (( str[4]=i/w[4], i-=str[4]*w[4] )); # calculate w.
 str[3]=$i # days remaining.

 for j in 4..0; do
 ((str[j]==0)) && unset str[j] # do not print empty items.
 res=$res$str[j]+"$str[j] $n[j], " # build the resulting string.
 ((str[j]==1))&&res=$res//"$n[j]"/"$n[j]%?" # remove trailing `s`.
 c=$(( c $str[j]++1 )) # count the number of fields.
 done

 res=$res# # remove leading empty space.
 res=$res%, # remove trailing `, `
 ((c>1)) && res="$res%,* and$res##*," # add the `and`

 echo "$res" # final string printed.

Testing (a long list of values):

$ a='0 1 60 3600 86400 604800 61 3601 86401 604801 3660 86460 604860 90000 608400 691200 3661 86461 604861 90001 608401 691201 90060 608460 691260 694800 90061 608461 691261 694801 694860 694861 2084583'

Results:

$ for d in $a; do s2t "$d"; done
0 seconds
1 second
1 minute
1 hour
1 day
1 week
1 minute and 1 second
1 hour and 1 second
1 day and 1 second
1 week and 1 second
1 hour and 1 minute
1 day and 1 minute
1 week and 1 minute
1 day and 1 hour
1 week and 1 hour
1 week and 1 day
1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
1 day, 1 minute and 1 second
1 week, 1 minute and 1 second
1 day, 1 hour and 1 second
1 week, 1 hour and 1 second
1 week, 1 day and 1 second
1 day, 1 hour and 1 minute
1 week, 1 hour and 1 minute
1 week, 1 day and 1 minute
1 week, 1 day and 1 hour
1 day, 1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
1 week, 1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
1 week, 1 day, 1 minute and 1 second
1 week, 1 day, 1 hour and 1 second
1 week, 1 day, 1 hour and 1 minute
1 week, 1 day, 1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
3 weeks, 3 days, 3 hours, 3 minutes and 3 seconds

Below is a second solution that transform up to centuries which include months of 30 days and years of 365 days. That makes this solution only approximate because there is no exact solution for months (that are supposed to be close to 30.436875 in average) or years (which are close to 364.2524 in average).

The test values are a lot longer:

a='0 1 60 3600 604800 2592000 31536000 86400 61 3601 604801 2592001 31536001 86401 3660 604860 2592060 31536060 86460 608400 2595600 31539600 90000 3196800 32140800 691200 34128000 2678400 31622400 3661 604861 2592061 31536061 86461 608401 2595601 31539601 90001 3196801 32140801 691201 34128001 2678401 31622401 608460 2595660 31539660 90060 3196860 32140860 691260 34128060 2678460 31622460 3200400 32144400 694800 34131600 2682000 31626000 34732800 3283200 32227200 34214400 608461 2595661 31539661 90061 3196861 32140861 691261 34128061 2678461 31622461 3200401 32144401 694801 34131601 2682001 31626001 34732801 3283201 32227201 34214401 3200460 32144460 694860 34131660 2682060 31626060 34732860 3283260 32227260 34214460 34736400 3286800 32230800 34218000 34819200 3200461 32144461 694861 34131661 2682061 31626061 34732861 3283261 32227261 34214461 34736401 3286801 32230801 34218001 34819201 34736460 3286860 32230860 34218060 34819260 34822800 34736461 3286861 32230861 34218061 34819261 34822801 34822860 34822861 9565268583'

The result is also quite long, I will show only some values:

0 seconds
1 second
1 minute
1 hour
1 week
1 month
1 year
1 day
1 century and 1 second
1 day, 1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
1 year, 1 week, 1 hour and 1 minute
3 centuries, 3 years, 3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days, 3 hours, 3 minutes and 3 seconds

share|improve this answer

answered Aug 25 at 0:04

Isaac

6,8001834

add a comment | 

up vote
0
down vote

up vote
0
down vote

An alternative solution that prints up to weeks:

s2t() 
 local i=$1:-0 j str w n c=0 res
 ((i==0))&& echo "0 seconds"; return; # with input zero result zero.

 # s m h d w <-- weigths
 w=(60 60 24 1 7)
 n=(seconds minutes hours days weeks) # names.
 for j in 0 1 2; do (( str[j]=i%w[j], i/=w[j] )); done # calculate s m h.
 (( str[4]=i/w[4], i-=str[4]*w[4] )); # calculate w.
 str[3]=$i # days remaining.

 for j in 4..0; do
 ((str[j]==0)) && unset str[j] # do not print empty items.
 res=$res$str[j]+"$str[j] $n[j], " # build the resulting string.
 ((str[j]==1))&&res=$res//"$n[j]"/"$n[j]%?" # remove trailing `s`.
 c=$(( c $str[j]++1 )) # count the number of fields.
 done

 res=$res# # remove leading empty space.
 res=$res%, # remove trailing `, `
 ((c>1)) && res="$res%,* and$res##*," # add the `and`

 echo "$res" # final string printed.

Testing (a long list of values):

$ a='0 1 60 3600 86400 604800 61 3601 86401 604801 3660 86460 604860 90000 608400 691200 3661 86461 604861 90001 608401 691201 90060 608460 691260 694800 90061 608461 691261 694801 694860 694861 2084583'

Results:

$ for d in $a; do s2t "$d"; done
0 seconds
1 second
1 minute
1 hour
1 day
1 week
1 minute and 1 second
1 hour and 1 second
1 day and 1 second
1 week and 1 second
1 hour and 1 minute
1 day and 1 minute
1 week and 1 minute
1 day and 1 hour
1 week and 1 hour
1 week and 1 day
1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
1 day, 1 minute and 1 second
1 week, 1 minute and 1 second
1 day, 1 hour and 1 second
1 week, 1 hour and 1 second
1 week, 1 day and 1 second
1 day, 1 hour and 1 minute
1 week, 1 hour and 1 minute
1 week, 1 day and 1 minute
1 week, 1 day and 1 hour
1 day, 1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
1 week, 1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
1 week, 1 day, 1 minute and 1 second
1 week, 1 day, 1 hour and 1 second
1 week, 1 day, 1 hour and 1 minute
1 week, 1 day, 1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
3 weeks, 3 days, 3 hours, 3 minutes and 3 seconds

Below is a second solution that transform up to centuries which include months of 30 days and years of 365 days. That makes this solution only approximate because there is no exact solution for months (that are supposed to be close to 30.436875 in average) or years (which are close to 364.2524 in average).

The test values are a lot longer:

a='0 1 60 3600 604800 2592000 31536000 86400 61 3601 604801 2592001 31536001 86401 3660 604860 2592060 31536060 86460 608400 2595600 31539600 90000 3196800 32140800 691200 34128000 2678400 31622400 3661 604861 2592061 31536061 86461 608401 2595601 31539601 90001 3196801 32140801 691201 34128001 2678401 31622401 608460 2595660 31539660 90060 3196860 32140860 691260 34128060 2678460 31622460 3200400 32144400 694800 34131600 2682000 31626000 34732800 3283200 32227200 34214400 608461 2595661 31539661 90061 3196861 32140861 691261 34128061 2678461 31622461 3200401 32144401 694801 34131601 2682001 31626001 34732801 3283201 32227201 34214401 3200460 32144460 694860 34131660 2682060 31626060 34732860 3283260 32227260 34214460 34736400 3286800 32230800 34218000 34819200 3200461 32144461 694861 34131661 2682061 31626061 34732861 3283261 32227261 34214461 34736401 3286801 32230801 34218001 34819201 34736460 3286860 32230860 34218060 34819260 34822800 34736461 3286861 32230861 34218061 34819261 34822801 34822860 34822861 9565268583'

The result is also quite long, I will show only some values:

0 seconds
1 second
1 minute
1 hour
1 week
1 month
1 year
1 day
1 century and 1 second
1 day, 1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
1 year, 1 week, 1 hour and 1 minute
3 centuries, 3 years, 3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days, 3 hours, 3 minutes and 3 seconds

share|improve this answer

answered Aug 25 at 0:04

Isaac

6,8001834

An alternative solution that prints up to weeks:

s2t() 
 local i=$1:-0 j str w n c=0 res
 ((i==0))&& echo "0 seconds"; return; # with input zero result zero.

 # s m h d w <-- weigths
 w=(60 60 24 1 7)
 n=(seconds minutes hours days weeks) # names.
 for j in 0 1 2; do (( str[j]=i%w[j], i/=w[j] )); done # calculate s m h.
 (( str[4]=i/w[4], i-=str[4]*w[4] )); # calculate w.
 str[3]=$i # days remaining.

 for j in 4..0; do
 ((str[j]==0)) && unset str[j] # do not print empty items.
 res=$res$str[j]+"$str[j] $n[j], " # build the resulting string.
 ((str[j]==1))&&res=$res//"$n[j]"/"$n[j]%?" # remove trailing `s`.
 c=$(( c $str[j]++1 )) # count the number of fields.
 done

 res=$res# # remove leading empty space.
 res=$res%, # remove trailing `, `
 ((c>1)) && res="$res%,* and$res##*," # add the `and`

 echo "$res" # final string printed.

Testing (a long list of values):

$ a='0 1 60 3600 86400 604800 61 3601 86401 604801 3660 86460 604860 90000 608400 691200 3661 86461 604861 90001 608401 691201 90060 608460 691260 694800 90061 608461 691261 694801 694860 694861 2084583'

Results:

$ for d in $a; do s2t "$d"; done
0 seconds
1 second
1 minute
1 hour
1 day
1 week
1 minute and 1 second
1 hour and 1 second
1 day and 1 second
1 week and 1 second
1 hour and 1 minute
1 day and 1 minute
1 week and 1 minute
1 day and 1 hour
1 week and 1 hour
1 week and 1 day
1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
1 day, 1 minute and 1 second
1 week, 1 minute and 1 second
1 day, 1 hour and 1 second
1 week, 1 hour and 1 second
1 week, 1 day and 1 second
1 day, 1 hour and 1 minute
1 week, 1 hour and 1 minute
1 week, 1 day and 1 minute
1 week, 1 day and 1 hour
1 day, 1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
1 week, 1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
1 week, 1 day, 1 minute and 1 second
1 week, 1 day, 1 hour and 1 second
1 week, 1 day, 1 hour and 1 minute
1 week, 1 day, 1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
3 weeks, 3 days, 3 hours, 3 minutes and 3 seconds

Below is a second solution that transform up to centuries which include months of 30 days and years of 365 days. That makes this solution only approximate because there is no exact solution for months (that are supposed to be close to 30.436875 in average) or years (which are close to 364.2524 in average).

The test values are a lot longer:

a='0 1 60 3600 604800 2592000 31536000 86400 61 3601 604801 2592001 31536001 86401 3660 604860 2592060 31536060 86460 608400 2595600 31539600 90000 3196800 32140800 691200 34128000 2678400 31622400 3661 604861 2592061 31536061 86461 608401 2595601 31539601 90001 3196801 32140801 691201 34128001 2678401 31622401 608460 2595660 31539660 90060 3196860 32140860 691260 34128060 2678460 31622460 3200400 32144400 694800 34131600 2682000 31626000 34732800 3283200 32227200 34214400 608461 2595661 31539661 90061 3196861 32140861 691261 34128061 2678461 31622461 3200401 32144401 694801 34131601 2682001 31626001 34732801 3283201 32227201 34214401 3200460 32144460 694860 34131660 2682060 31626060 34732860 3283260 32227260 34214460 34736400 3286800 32230800 34218000 34819200 3200461 32144461 694861 34131661 2682061 31626061 34732861 3283261 32227261 34214461 34736401 3286801 32230801 34218001 34819201 34736460 3286860 32230860 34218060 34819260 34822800 34736461 3286861 32230861 34218061 34819261 34822801 34822860 34822861 9565268583'

The result is also quite long, I will show only some values:

0 seconds
1 second
1 minute
1 hour
1 week
1 month
1 year
1 day
1 century and 1 second
1 day, 1 hour, 1 minute and 1 second
1 year, 1 week, 1 hour and 1 minute
3 centuries, 3 years, 3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days, 3 hours, 3 minutes and 3 seconds

share|improve this answer

answered Aug 25 at 0:04

Isaac

6,8001834

share|improve this answer

share|improve this answer

answered Aug 25 at 0:04

Isaac

6,8001834

answered Aug 25 at 0:04

Isaac

6,8001834

answered Aug 25 at 0:04

Isaac

6,8001834

6,8001834

add a comment | 

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