Is oxepin aromatic?

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In my book the resonance structures drawn for oxepin include the lone pair electrons of oxygen. If we include the lone pair electrons the total number of π electrons become 8, so it should not be aromatic. Can we even use Hückel's rule everywhere? Where should we not use it? When should we consider lone pair electrons of heteroatom and when should we not?










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    In my book the resonance structures drawn for oxepin include the lone pair electrons of oxygen. If we include the lone pair electrons the total number of π electrons become 8, so it should not be aromatic. Can we even use Hückel's rule everywhere? Where should we not use it? When should we consider lone pair electrons of heteroatom and when should we not?










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      up vote
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      down vote

      favorite









      up vote
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      down vote

      favorite











      In my book the resonance structures drawn for oxepin include the lone pair electrons of oxygen. If we include the lone pair electrons the total number of π electrons become 8, so it should not be aromatic. Can we even use Hückel's rule everywhere? Where should we not use it? When should we consider lone pair electrons of heteroatom and when should we not?










      share|improve this question















      In my book the resonance structures drawn for oxepin include the lone pair electrons of oxygen. If we include the lone pair electrons the total number of π electrons become 8, so it should not be aromatic. Can we even use Hückel's rule everywhere? Where should we not use it? When should we consider lone pair electrons of heteroatom and when should we not?







      organic-chemistry aromaticity






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          Oxepin is certainly not aromatic. If it were flat and the oxygen atom was sp2 hybridized, then it would be an 8π-electron anti-aromatic system, but to avoid being anti-aromatic, it exists in a boat-like conformation, with incomplete conjugation of the π-system.Ref Interestingly, in solution, oxepin is in equilibrium with benzene oxide - the two interconvert via electrocyclic reactions.



          Oxepin - benzene oxide



          In terms of the broader questions about Hückel's rule - it's important to look at whether the system is cyclic, planar and has (or could have) good overlap of p-orbitals on each atom within the ring. The 4n+2 π electron part of the rule is only relevant if these prior requirements are met.



          In terms of heteroatoms, they can "choose" to be hybridized in such a way that a lone pair in a p-orbital overlaps with the rest of the π-system and leads to aromaticity, eg. furan, or to be hybridized in such a way as to avoid or minimize overlap, eg. oxepin. If geometrical constraints mean that a heteroatom's lone pairs can't overlap effectively with the rest of the π-system, then that breaks the conjugation and the 4n+2 π-electron rule is not relevant.



          Ref: E. Vogel, H. Günther. "Benzene Oxide-Oxepin Valence Tautomerism". Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 1967, 6, 385–401.






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            accepted










            Oxepin is certainly not aromatic. If it were flat and the oxygen atom was sp2 hybridized, then it would be an 8π-electron anti-aromatic system, but to avoid being anti-aromatic, it exists in a boat-like conformation, with incomplete conjugation of the π-system.Ref Interestingly, in solution, oxepin is in equilibrium with benzene oxide - the two interconvert via electrocyclic reactions.



            Oxepin - benzene oxide



            In terms of the broader questions about Hückel's rule - it's important to look at whether the system is cyclic, planar and has (or could have) good overlap of p-orbitals on each atom within the ring. The 4n+2 π electron part of the rule is only relevant if these prior requirements are met.



            In terms of heteroatoms, they can "choose" to be hybridized in such a way that a lone pair in a p-orbital overlaps with the rest of the π-system and leads to aromaticity, eg. furan, or to be hybridized in such a way as to avoid or minimize overlap, eg. oxepin. If geometrical constraints mean that a heteroatom's lone pairs can't overlap effectively with the rest of the π-system, then that breaks the conjugation and the 4n+2 π-electron rule is not relevant.



            Ref: E. Vogel, H. Günther. "Benzene Oxide-Oxepin Valence Tautomerism". Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 1967, 6, 385–401.






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              up vote
              3
              down vote



              accepted










              Oxepin is certainly not aromatic. If it were flat and the oxygen atom was sp2 hybridized, then it would be an 8π-electron anti-aromatic system, but to avoid being anti-aromatic, it exists in a boat-like conformation, with incomplete conjugation of the π-system.Ref Interestingly, in solution, oxepin is in equilibrium with benzene oxide - the two interconvert via electrocyclic reactions.



              Oxepin - benzene oxide



              In terms of the broader questions about Hückel's rule - it's important to look at whether the system is cyclic, planar and has (or could have) good overlap of p-orbitals on each atom within the ring. The 4n+2 π electron part of the rule is only relevant if these prior requirements are met.



              In terms of heteroatoms, they can "choose" to be hybridized in such a way that a lone pair in a p-orbital overlaps with the rest of the π-system and leads to aromaticity, eg. furan, or to be hybridized in such a way as to avoid or minimize overlap, eg. oxepin. If geometrical constraints mean that a heteroatom's lone pairs can't overlap effectively with the rest of the π-system, then that breaks the conjugation and the 4n+2 π-electron rule is not relevant.



              Ref: E. Vogel, H. Günther. "Benzene Oxide-Oxepin Valence Tautomerism". Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 1967, 6, 385–401.






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                up vote
                3
                down vote



                accepted







                up vote
                3
                down vote



                accepted






                Oxepin is certainly not aromatic. If it were flat and the oxygen atom was sp2 hybridized, then it would be an 8π-electron anti-aromatic system, but to avoid being anti-aromatic, it exists in a boat-like conformation, with incomplete conjugation of the π-system.Ref Interestingly, in solution, oxepin is in equilibrium with benzene oxide - the two interconvert via electrocyclic reactions.



                Oxepin - benzene oxide



                In terms of the broader questions about Hückel's rule - it's important to look at whether the system is cyclic, planar and has (or could have) good overlap of p-orbitals on each atom within the ring. The 4n+2 π electron part of the rule is only relevant if these prior requirements are met.



                In terms of heteroatoms, they can "choose" to be hybridized in such a way that a lone pair in a p-orbital overlaps with the rest of the π-system and leads to aromaticity, eg. furan, or to be hybridized in such a way as to avoid or minimize overlap, eg. oxepin. If geometrical constraints mean that a heteroatom's lone pairs can't overlap effectively with the rest of the π-system, then that breaks the conjugation and the 4n+2 π-electron rule is not relevant.



                Ref: E. Vogel, H. Günther. "Benzene Oxide-Oxepin Valence Tautomerism". Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 1967, 6, 385–401.






                share|improve this answer








                New contributor




                Organic Chemistry Explained is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
                Check out our Code of Conduct.









                Oxepin is certainly not aromatic. If it were flat and the oxygen atom was sp2 hybridized, then it would be an 8π-electron anti-aromatic system, but to avoid being anti-aromatic, it exists in a boat-like conformation, with incomplete conjugation of the π-system.Ref Interestingly, in solution, oxepin is in equilibrium with benzene oxide - the two interconvert via electrocyclic reactions.



                Oxepin - benzene oxide



                In terms of the broader questions about Hückel's rule - it's important to look at whether the system is cyclic, planar and has (or could have) good overlap of p-orbitals on each atom within the ring. The 4n+2 π electron part of the rule is only relevant if these prior requirements are met.



                In terms of heteroatoms, they can "choose" to be hybridized in such a way that a lone pair in a p-orbital overlaps with the rest of the π-system and leads to aromaticity, eg. furan, or to be hybridized in such a way as to avoid or minimize overlap, eg. oxepin. If geometrical constraints mean that a heteroatom's lone pairs can't overlap effectively with the rest of the π-system, then that breaks the conjugation and the 4n+2 π-electron rule is not relevant.



                Ref: E. Vogel, H. Günther. "Benzene Oxide-Oxepin Valence Tautomerism". Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 1967, 6, 385–401.







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